The Program of state support for traditional economic activities of indigenous peoples of the Russian Federation, carried out in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation, is aimed at the sustainable development of indigenous peoples of the North, Siberia and the Far East living in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation, and defines the goals, objectives and main mechanisms of state support of traditional economic activities of indigenous peoples.
The implementation of the Program is based on the following principles: (a) guarantees of the rights of indigenous peoples in accordance with the Constitution of the Russian Federation, generally recognized principles and norms of international law, as well as international treaties of the Russian Federation; (b) acknowledgement of the importance of land and natural resources, as well as the well-being of the environment, as the basis for the traditional way of life and traditional economic activities of small indigenous peoples; (c) rational use of land and natural resources in places of traditional residence and traditional economic activities of small indigenous peoples; (d) recognition of the rights of indigenous peoples to priority access to fishing grounds, hunting and biological resources in the places of their traditional residence and traditional economic activities; (e) the need for participation of representatives and associations of small indigenous peoples in decision-making on issues affecting their rights and interests when developing natural resources in places of traditional residence and traditional economic activities; and (f) coordination of actions of state authorities and local governments in addressing issues of socio-economic development of small indigenous peoples.
Representatives of 19 indigenous peoples live in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation, and there are objects of their heritage that are of historical and cultural value of global significance. According to the 2010 All-Russian Population Census, the number of small indigenous peoples is 102 thousand people. The legislation of the Russian Federation defines 13 types of traditional economic activities of indigenous peoples of the Russian Federation.
The goals of state support for the traditional economic activities of indigenous peoples are to create conditions for increasing the competitiveness of goods, works and services produced within its framework and to form a sustainable basis for the development of small indigenous peoples.