This United Kingdom’s 2035 Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) outlines its commitment to reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by at least 81% from 1990 levels by 2035. This target, announced at COP29, aligns with the Paris Agreement’s 1.5°C goal. The UK aims to achieve net zero emissions by 2050. The economy-wide target covers all sectors (energy, industry, transport, agriculture, waste, etc.) except international aviation and shipping, which are addressed through international agreements. The government has implemented policies to transition away from fossil fuels, including the phase-out of coal power. Investments in renewable energy, such as offshore wind, solar, and carbon capture technology, are central to achieving the emissions reduction goals. In the field of Land Use, Land Use Change and Forestry (LULUCF), action to protect, restore and sustainably manage forests and high-carbon, biodiversity rich ecosystems like peatlands can deliver a significant and cost-effective contribution to mitigation and to adaptation. A statutory target to increase woodland and tree canopy cover to at least 16.5% of land area in England by 2050 was legislated for in 2023.
The NDC also emphasizes the importance of a just transition, with a focus on providing skills training and support for affected workers. Additionally, the NDC highlights the importance of international cooperation, and commitments to gender equality, youth participation, and public engagement in climate policy.