Local people, especially women and youth, are empowered and participate in decision-making processes in combating DLDD.

End poverty in all its forms everywhere.

By 2030, empower and promote the social, economic and political inclusion of all, irrespective of age, sex, disability, race, ethnicity, origin, religion or economic or other status.

Ensure public access to information and protect fundamental freedoms, in accordance with national legislation and international agreements

Ensure equal opportunity and reduce inequalities of outcome, including by eliminating discriminatory laws, policies and practices and promoting appropriate legislation, policies and action in this regard.

By 2030, ensure that all men and women, in particular the poor and the vulnerable, have equal rights to economic resources, as well as access to basic services, ownership and control over land and other forms of property, inheritance, natural resources, appropriate new technology and financial services, including microfinance.

Promote the rule of law at the national and international levels and ensure equal access to justice for all

Ensure women’s full and effective participation and equal opportunities for leadership at all levels of decision-making in political, economic and public life

Undertake reforms to give women equal rights to economic resources, as well as access to ownership and control over land and other forms of property, financial services, inheritance and natural resources, in accordance with national laws

Ensure responsive, inclusive, participatory and representative decision-making at all levels

Reduce inequality within and among countries.

Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels.

The traditional knowledge, innovations and practices of indigenous peoples and local communities relevant for the wise use of wetlands and their customary use of wetland resources are documented, respected, subject to national legislation and relevant international obligations, and fully integrated and reflected in the implementation of the Convention, with a full and effective participation of indigenous peoples and local communities at all relevant levels.

By 2030, farmers, pastoralists, fisher folks and forest dwellers participate in making decisions, at the national level, on all matters relevant to the conservation and sustainable use of genetic resources for food and agriculture.

Resolution on Aboriginal Subsistence Whaling (AWS)   WHEREAS Resolution 1982-3 states that it is the purpose of the International Whaling Commission (IWC) to provide for the effective conservation and management of whale stocks; WHEREAS the Commission recognises the importance of accommodating the needs of aboriginal people who are dependent upon whales for subsistence and cultural purposes and that the Commission intends that the needs of aboriginals shall be determined by the Governments concerned and explained in needs statements that are submitted to the Commission. WHEREAS Aboriginal Subsistence Whaling (ASW) management is a fundamental and integral part of the duties to be performed by the IWC; WHEREAS Resolution 1994-4 states that for aboriginal subsistence whaling the IWC objectives are to: ensure that the risks of extinction to individual stocks are not seriously increased by subsistence whaling; enable aboriginal people to harvest whales in perpetuity at levels appropriate to their cultural and nutritional requirements, subject to the other objectives; and maintain the status of stocks at or above the level giving the highest net recruitment and to ensure that stocks below that level are moved towards it, so far as the environment permits; WHEREAS Resolution 1994-4 also states that highest priority shall be accorded to the objective of ensuring that the risk of extinction to individual stocks are not seriously increased by subsistence whaling; WHEREAS the Scientific Committee in its 2009 report endorsed an interim safe approach to setting catch limits for the Greenlandic hunt in 2008 and agreed that this should be considered valid for two blocks, i.e. up to, and including, the 2018 whaling season; WHEREAS the Commission and the Scientific Committee have agreed that long-term scientific advice on ASW management should follow the Strike Limit Algorithm (SLA) approach; WELCOMING the relevant work carried out by the Scientific Committee, especially the considerable progress in developing SLAs and providing management advice for the Greenlandic hunt; NOTING WITH SATISFACTION the completion of the SLA for humpback whales off West Greenland which provides a more robust basis for providing long-term management advice to the Commission on the subsistence hunt of humpback whales off West Greenland; WELCOMING ALSO the work of the Scientific Committee towards considering a multi-species SLA; WELCOMING FURTHER the additional work undertaken on conversion factors within Greenland, including improved procedures for data collection and updating the new information obtained (SC/65b/AWMP05) in line with the recommendations of the Scientific Committee in 2013 and NOTING that the Scientific Committee has agreed that annual update reports are unnecessary for its work, but has suggested that data are submitted directly to the Commission when it meets and incorporated as necessary into need statements; NOW, THEREFORE, THE COMMISSION: EMPHASISES the need to regulate ASW in the future through a more consistent and long-term approach; URGES all contracting governments to participate more actively in the work of the ASW Sub­ committee; REQUESTS the Scientific Committee to give high priority to all AWMP-related activities, including modelling and data collection and to complete, and, to the extent possible, accelerate its work on the development of agreed and validated SLAs for the Greenland hunt, at least by species, before 2018 in accordance with its current work plan as well as consider the integration of these SLAs so as to provide multispecies advice for the next quota period; FURTHER REQUESTS the ASW Sub-committee to address as a matter of urgency the following issues for the period 2014-2018: Standardised need statements, building on the work already carried out in the ASW sub­ committee and by the Ad Hoc ASW Working Group; Better understanding of the relationship between needs and consumption patterns for ASW hunts, including by collecting data on landings for each category, local consumption and use and the extent of monetary transactions; preparation of a proposal to update paragraph 13a of the Schedule to the International Convention on the Regulation of Whaling to reflect the SLA approach for consideration bylWC66. THANKS the Kingdom of Denmark for providing the updated 2014 needs statement for Greenland; INVITES the ASW countries to continue to provide regular data and improve information on all aspects of their hunts and needs.

Resolution on Use of Simultaneous Interpretation at Annual Meetings of the International Whaling Commission RECOGNISING that the composition of the IWC is becoming more diverse in character as more nations for whom English is not their primary language adhere to the Convention, and that this has led to a multiplicity of languages placing on the organisation a greater need to accommodate the requirements of all of its members, including nations for whom English is a second language; AWARE that the Commissioners, at IWC54 in Shimonoseki, recognised that English remains the official language of the Commission, and that the use of simultaneous interpretation should be explored to improve communication at annual meetings; NOTING that the current system used by several Commissioners is currently one of consecutive interpretation; CONSIDERING that document IWC/55/F&A 2, provided by the Secretariat, discusses implications for the provision of technical facilities only, leaving the cost of the more expensive task of engaging and paying for interpreters to be the responsibility of the delegations requiring them; AWARE that the cost of providing technical facilities required would be significant; NOTING that during F&A Committee meetings at IWC55, various contracting parties expressed, with emphasis, the need for simultaneous interpretation, including the associated technical facilities and interpreter services; CONSCIOUS of subsequent bilateral consultations between individual Contracting Governments underscoring their desire for document translation; MINDFUL that the complete participation of members for whom English is a second language is possible only through full understanding of the many issues communicated at annual meetings, such understanding being possible only through a mechanism of interpretation; and RECALLING that some member countries proposed that a Working Group be established to further explore the administrative, budgetary and operational implications for the provision of technical components for simultaneous interpretation. THE COMMISSION THEREFORE NOW DECIDES To establish a Working Group aiming at exploring the various implications for the provision of technical components for simultaneous interpretation; That the Working Group shall consider and make recommendations on how provision of technical components for simultaneous interpretation may provided at the IWC to accommodate the needs of contracting parties for whom English is a second language; That this Working Group will be guided by the following Terms of Reference: a) To review and consider the costs as set out in document IWC/55/F&A 2 and to identify ways in which these costs could be apportioned or reduced; b) To recommend options and scope for the provision of technical components for simultaneous interpretation; c) To determine the operations and costs of other international organizations providing such components; and d) To consult with member states on these issues. That the Working Group, while open to any IWC contracting party, shall ideally remain small, conduct its work by email correspondence in order to limit expenditures, and submit its recommendations to the F&A Committee prior to the 56th Annual Meeting.

Resolution 2006-1 ST. KITTS AND NEVIS DECLARATION EMPHASISING that the use of cetaceans in many parts of the world including the Caribbean, contributes to sustainable coastal communities, sustainable livelihoods, food security and poverty reduction and that placing the use of whales outside the context of the globally accepted norm of science-based management and rule- making for emotional reasons would set a bad precedent that risks our use of fisheries and other renewable resources; FURTHER EMPHASING that the use of marine resources as an integral part of development options is critically important at this time for a number of countries experiencing the need to diversify their agriculture; UNDERSTANDING that the purpose of the 1946 International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling (ICRW) is to ‘provide for the proper conservation of whale stocks and thus make possible the orderly development of the whaling industry’ (quoted from the Preamble to the Convention) and that the International Whaling Commission (IWC) is therefore about managing whaling to ensure whale stocks are not over-harvested rather than protecting all whales irrespective of their abundance; NOTING that in 1982, the IWC adopted a moratorium on commercial whaling (paragraph 10 e of the Schedule to the ICRW) without advice from the Commission’s Scientific Committee that such measure was required for conservation purposes; FURTHER NOTING that the moratorium which was clearly intended as a temporary measure is no longer necessary, that the Commission adopted a robust and risk-averse procedure (RMP) for calculating quotas for abundant stocks of baleen whales in 1994 and that the IWC’s own Scientific Committee has agreed that many species and stocks of whales are abundant and sustainable whaling is possible; CONCERNED that after 14 years of discussion and negotiation, the IWC has failed to complete and implement a management regime to regulate commercial whaling. ACCEPTING that scientific research has shown that whales consume huge quantities of fish making the issue a matter of food security for coastal nations and requiring that the issue of management of whale stocks must be considered in a broader context of ecosystem management since eco-system management has now become an international standard. REJECTING as unacceptable that a number of international NGOs with self-interest campaigns should use threats in an attempt to direct government policy on matters of sovereign rights related to the use of resources for food security and national development; NOTING that the position of some members that are opposed to the resumption of commercial whaling on a sustainable basis irrespective of the status of whale stocks is contrary to the object and purpose of the International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling; UNDERSTANDING that the IWC can be saved from collapse only by implementing conservation and management measures which will allow controlled and sustainable whaling which would not mean a return to historic over-harvesting and that continuing failure to do so serves neither the interests of whale conservation nor management; NOW THEREFORE: COMMISSIONERS express their concern that the IWC has failed to meet its obligations under the terms of the ICRW and, DECLARE our commitment to normalising the functions of the IWC based on the terms of the ICRW and other relevant international law, respect for cultural diversity and traditions of coastal peoples and the fundamental principles of sustainable use of resources, and the need for science-based policy and rulemaking that are accepted as the world standard for the management of marine resources.