Convención Marco de las Naciones Unidas sobre el Cambio Climático
Party Signature Ratification Status Additional information
12 Jun 1992 19 Sep 2002 Ratification
03 Oct 1994 Accession
13 Jun 1992 09 Jun 1993 Ratification
02 Mar 2011 Accession
14 Jun 1992 17 May 2000 Ratification
04 Jun 1992 02 Feb 1993 Ratification
12 Jun 1992 11 Mar 1994 Ratification
13 Jun 1992 14 May 1993 Acceptance
04 Jun 1992 30 Dec 1992 Ratification
08 Jun 1992 28 Feb 1994 Ratification
12 Jun 1992 16 May 1995 Ratification
12 Jun 1992 29 Mar 1994 Ratification
08 Jun 1992 28 Dec 1994 Ratification
09 Jun 1992 15 Apr 1994 Ratification
12 Jun 1992 23 Mar 1994 Ratification
11 Jun 1992 11 May 2000 Approval
04 Jun 1992 16 Jan 1996 Ratification
13 Jun 1992 31 Oct 1994 Ratification
13 Jun 1992 30 Jun 1994 Ratification
11 Jun 1992 25 Aug 1995 Ratification
10 Jun 1992 03 Oct 1994 Ratification
07 Sep 2000 Accession
12 Jun 1992 27 Jan 1994 Ratification
04 Jun 1992 28 Feb 1994 Ratification
07 Aug 2007 Accession
05 Jun 1992 12 May 1995 Ratification Declaraciones
12 Jun 1992 02 Sep 1993 Ratification
11 Jun 1992 06 Jan 1997 Ratification
12 Jun 1992 29 Mar 1995 Ratification
18 Dec 1995 Accession
14 Jun 1992 19 Oct 1994 Ratification
12 Jun 1992 04 Dec 1992 Ratification
13 Jun 1992 10 Mar 1995 Ratification
12 Jun 1992 07 Jun 1994 Ratification
13 Jun 1992 22 Dec 1994 Ratification
11 Jun 1992 05 Jan 1993 Ratification End notes
13 Jun 1992 22 Mar 1995 Ratification
11 Jun 1992 31 Oct 1994 Ratification
12 Jun 1992 14 Oct 1996 Ratification
12 Jun 1992 20 Apr 1993 Ratification
13 Jun 1992 26 Aug 1994 Ratification
11 Jun 1992 08 Apr 1996 Acceptance Declaraciones
13 Jun 1992 05 Jan 1994 Ratification Declaraciones
12 Jun 1992 15 Oct 1997 Ratification
18 Jun 1993 07 Oct 1993 Approval
10 Jun 1992 29 Nov 1994 Ratification
11 Jun 1992 05 Dec 1994 Approval
11 Jun 1992 09 Jan 1995 Ratification
09 Jun 1992 21 Dec 1993 Ratification
12 Jun 1992 27 Aug 1995 Ratification
21 Jun 1993 Accession
12 Jun 1992 07 Oct 1998 Ratification
09 Jun 1992 23 Feb 1993 Ratification
09 Jun 1992 05 Dec 1994 Ratification
13 Jun 1992 04 Dec 1995 Ratification
16 Aug 2000 Accession
24 Apr 1995 Accession
12 Jun 1992 27 Jul 1994 Ratification
12 Jun 1992 07 Oct 1996 Ratification
10 Jun 1992 05 Apr 1994 Ratification
13 Jun 1992 21 Dec 1993 Approval Declaraciones
09 Oct 1992 25 Feb 1993 Ratification Declaraciones
04 Jun 1992 03 May 1994 Acceptance
13 Jun 1992 25 Mar 1994 Ratification
12 Jun 1992 21 Jan 1998 Ratification
12 Jun 1992 10 Jun 1994 Ratification
29 Jul 1994 Accession
12 Jun 1992 09 Dec 1993 Ratification
12 Jun 1992 06 Sep 1995 Ratification
12 Jun 1992 04 Aug 1994 Ratification
03 Dec 1992 11 Aug 1994 Ratification
13 Jun 1992 15 Dec 1995 Ratification
12 Jun 1992 07 May 1993 Ratification
12 Jun 1992 27 Oct 1995 Ratification
13 Jun 1992 29 Aug 1994 Ratification
13 Jun 1992 25 Sep 1996 Ratification
06 Jul 2022 Accession Declaraciones
13 Jun 1992 19 Oct 1995 Ratification
13 Jun 1992 24 Feb 1994 Ratification Declaraciones
04 Jun 1992 16 Jun 1993 Ratification
10 Jun 1992 01 Nov 1993 Ratification
05 Jun 1992 23 Aug 1994 Ratification
14 Jun 1992 18 Jul 1996 Ratification
28 Jul 2009 Accession
13 Jun 1992 20 Apr 1994 Ratification
04 Jun 1992 04 Jun 1996 Ratification
05 Jun 1992 15 Apr 1994 Ratification
12 Jun 1992 06 Jan 1995 Ratification
13 Jun 1992 28 May 1993 Acceptance
11 Jun 1992 12 Nov 1993 Ratification
08 Jun 1992 17 May 1995 Ratification
12 Jun 1992 30 Aug 1994 Ratification
13 Jun 1992 07 Feb 1995 Ratification Declaraciones
28 Dec 1994 Accession
25 May 2000 Accession
04 Jan 1995 Accession
11 Jun 1992 23 Mar 1995 Ratification
12 Jun 1992 15 Dec 1994 Ratification
11 Jun 1992 07 Feb 1995 Ratification
12 Jun 1992 05 Nov 2002 Ratification
29 Jun 1992 14 Jun 1999 Ratification
04 Jun 1992 22 Jun 1994 Ratification
11 Jun 1992 24 Mar 1995 Ratification
09 Jun 1992 09 May 1994 Ratification
10 Jun 1992 02 Jun 1999 Ratification
10 Jun 1992 21 Apr 1994 Ratification
09 Jun 1993 13 Jul 1994 Ratification
12 Jun 1992 09 Nov 1992 Ratification
30 Sep 1992 28 Dec 1994 Ratification
12 Jun 1992 17 Mar 1994 Ratification
12 Jun 1992 08 Oct 1992 Ratification
12 Jun 1992 20 Jan 1994 Ratification
10 Jun 1992 04 Sep 1992 Ratification
13 Jun 1992 11 Mar 1993 Ratification
12 Jun 1992 18 Nov 1993 Ratification
11 Jun 1992 20 Nov 1992 Ratification Declaraciones
12 Jun 1992 30 Sep 1993 Ratification
23 Oct 2006 Succession End notes
13 Jun 1992 28 Dec 1995 Ratification
12 Jun 1992 25 Aug 1995 Ratification
11 Jun 1992 25 Nov 1994 Ratification
12 Jun 1992 16 May 1995 Ratification
08 Jun 1992 11 Nov 1993 Ratification Declaraciones
12 Jun 1992 02 May 1994 Ratification
04 Jun 1992 20 Dec 1993 Acceptance Declaraciones
End notes
04 Jun 1992 16 Sep 1993 Ratification End notes
13 Jun 1992 31 Oct 1995 Ratification
11 Jun 1992 25 Jul 1995 Ratification
13 Jun 1992 29 Aug 1994 Ratification
28 Feb 1996 Accession
28 Jan 1998 Accession
04 Jun 1992 09 Jul 1993 Ratification
11 Jun 1992 08 Feb 1995 Ratification
13 Jun 1992 01 Jun 1994 Ratification
10 Dec 1999 Accession
18 Mar 1993 23 May 1995 Ratification
13 Jun 1992 16 Mar 1993 Ratification Declaraciones
12 Jun 1992 24 Feb 1994 Ratification
12 Jun 1992 07 Jun 1993 Ratification
12 Jun 1992 02 Aug 1994 Ratification
05 Jun 1992 28 Jul 1994 Ratification
13 Jun 1992 21 Dec 1993 Ratification End notes
18 Apr 1996 Accession
13 Jun 1992 14 Dec 1993 Ratification
12 Jun 1992 09 Jun 1995 Ratification
05 Jun 1992 08 Jun 1994 Ratification
13 Jun 1992 28 Dec 1994 Ratification
10 Jun 1992 18 Aug 1998 Ratification
12 Jun 1992 29 Nov 1994 Ratification
10 Jun 1992 28 Oct 1994 Ratification
12 Jun 1992 29 Sep 1999 Ratification
28 Dec 1994 Accession
13 Jun 1992 17 Oct 1994 Ratification
12 Mar 2001 Accession
10 Jun 1992 22 Sep 1992 Ratification
11 Feb 1993 22 Jun 1995 Ratification
13 Jun 1992 29 May 1997 Ratification
19 May 1993 25 Aug 1994 Approval
13 Jun 1992 01 Dec 1995 Ratification
13 Jun 1992 28 Dec 1994 Ratification Declaraciones
11 Sep 2009 Accession
15 Jun 1993 29 Aug 1997 Ratification
17 Feb 2014 Accession
13 Jun 1992 21 Dec 1993 Ratification
10 Jun 1992 23 Nov 1993 Ratification
12 Jun 1992 07 Jan 1993 Ratification
14 Jun 1993 14 Jun 1993 Ratification
02 Dec 1996 Accession
18 Dec 2015 Accession
09 Jun 1992 19 Nov 1993 Ratification
13 Jun 1992 14 Oct 1997 Ratification
08 Jun 1992 23 Jun 1993 Ratification
12 Jun 1992 10 Dec 1993 Ratification
04 Jan 1996 Accession
07 Jan 1998 Accession
12 Jun 1992 28 Dec 1994 Ratification
10 Oct 2006 Accession
12 Jun 1992 08 Mar 1995 Acceptance
20 Jul 1998 Accession
11 Jun 1992 24 Jun 1994 Ratification
13 Jun 1992 15 Jul 1993 Ratification
05 Jun 1995 Accession
08 Jun 1992 26 Oct 1993 Ratification Declaraciones
24 Feb 2004 Accession
13 Jun 1992 08 Sep 1993 Ratification
11 Jun 1992 13 May 1997 Ratification
29 Dec 1995 Accession
12 Jun 1992 08 Dec 1993 Ratification End notes
12 Jun 1992 17 Apr 1996 Ratification
12 Jun 1992 15 Oct 1992 Ratification
04 Jun 1992 18 Aug 1994 Ratification
20 Jun 1993 Accession
09 Jun 1992 25 Mar 1993 Ratification
12 Jun 1992 28 Dec 1994 Ratification
11 Jun 1992 16 Nov 1994 Ratification
12 Jun 1992 21 Feb 1996 Ratification
11 Jun 1992 28 May 1993 Ratification
12 Jun 1992 03 Nov 1992 Ratification

Declarations

Bulgaria
Declaration:"The Republic of Bulgaria declares that in accordance with article 4, paragraph 6, and with respect to paragraph 2 ( b ) of the said article, it accepts as a basis of the anthropogenic emissions in Bulgaria of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases not controlled by the Montreal Protocol, the 1988 levels of the said emissions in the country and not their 1990 levels, keeping records of and comparing the emission rates during the subsequent years."
Croacia
Declaration :"The Republic of Croatia declares that it intends to be bound by the provisions of the Annex 1, as a country undergoing the process of transition to a market economy."
Cuba
Declaration:With reference to article 14 of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, the Government of the Republic of Cuba declares that, insofar as concerns the Republic of Cuba, any dispute that may arise between the Parties concerning the interpretation or application of the Convention shall be settled through negotiation through the diplomatic channel.
Unión Europea
Upon signature:Declaration:"The European Economic Community and its Member States declare, for the purposes of clarity, that the inclusion of the European Community as well as its Member States in the lists in the Annexes to the Convention is without prejudice to the division of competence and responsibilities between the Community and its Member States, which is to be declared in accordance with article 21 (3) of the Convention."Upon approval:Declaration:"The European Economic Community and its Member States declare that the commitment to limit anthropogenic CO 2 emissions set out in article 4(2) of the Convention will be fulfilled in the Community as a whole through action by the Community and its Member States, within the respective com- petence of each.In this perspective, the Community and its Member States reaffirm the objectives set out in the Council conclusions of 29 October 1990, and in particular the objective of stabilization of CO 2 emission by 2000 and 1990 level in the Community as a whole.The European Economic Community and its Member States are elaborating a coherent strategy in order to attain this objective."
Fiyi
Upon signature:Declaration:"The Government of Fiji declares its understanding that signature of the Convention shall, in no way, constitute a renunciation of any rights under international law concerning state responsibility for the adverse effects of climate change, and that no provisions in the Convention can be interpreted as derogating from the principles of general international law."
Ciudad del Vaticano
Declaration:“By acceding to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change in the name and on behalf of Vatican City State, the Holy See intends to contribute to the efforts of all States to work together in solidarity, in accordance with their common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities, in an effective response to the challenges posed by climate change to humankind and to our common home.In light of the territorial nature of the obligations set forth in the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, the Holy See declares, for the avoidance of doubt, that in acceding to the Convention only in the name and on behalf of Vatican City State it commits itself to apply its provisions exclusively within the Territory of the Vatican City State, as circumscribed by the Leonine Walls.The Holy See, in conformity with its particular mission, reiterates, on behalf of Vatican City State, its position regarding the term ‘gender’. The Holy See underlines that any reference to ‘gender’ and related terms in any document that has been or that will be adopted by the Conference of State Parties or by its subsidiary bodies is to be understood as grounded on the biological sexual identity that is male and female.The Holy See upholds and promotes a holistic and integrated approach that is firmly centered on the human dignity and integral development of every person.”
Hungría
Declaration:"The Government of the Republic of Hungary attributes great significance to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and it reiterates its position in accordance with the provisions of article 4.6 of the Convention on certain degree of flexibility that the average level of anthropogenic carbon-dioxide emissions for the period of 1985-1987 will be considered as reference level in context of the commitments under article 4.2 of the Convention. This understanding is closely related to the `process of transition' as it is given in article 4.6 of the Convention. The Government of the Republic of Hungary declares that it will do all efforts to contribute to the objective of the Convention."
Kiribati
Upon signature:Declaration:"The Government of the Republic of Kiribati declares its understanding that signature and /or ratification of the Convention shall in no way constitute a renunciation of any rights under international law concerning state responsibility for the adverse effects of climate change, and that no provisions in the Convention can be interpreted as derogating from the principles of general international law."
Mónaco
Declaration:In accordance with sub-paragraph g of article 4.2 of the Convention, the Principality of Monaco declares that it intends to be bound by the provisions of sub-paragraphs a and b of said article.
Nauru
Upon signature:Declaration:"The Government of Nauru declares its understanding that signature of the Convention shall in no way constitute a renunciation of any rights under international law concerning state responsibility for the adverse effects of climate change, and that no provisions in the Convention can be interpreted as derogating from the principles of general international law."
Países Bajos, Holanda
17 February 2010Declaration:“The Kingdom of the Netherlands declares, in accordance with paragraph 2 of Article 14 of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, that it accepts both means of dispute settlement referred to in that paragraph as compulsory in relation to any Party accepting one or both means of dispute settlement.”
Papúa-Nueva Guinea
Declaration:"The Government of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea declares its understanding that ratification of the Con- vention shall in no way constitute a renunciation of any rights under International Law concerning State responsibility for the adverse effects of Climate Change as derogating from the prin- ciples of general International Law."
Islas Salomón
Declaration:"In pursuance of article 14 (2) of the said Convention [the Government of the Solomon Islands] shall recognise as com-pulsory, arbitration, in accordance with procedures to be adopted by the Conference of the Parties as soon as practicable, in an annex on arbitration."
Tuvalu
Upon signature:Declaration:"The Government of Tuvalu declares its understanding that signature of the Convention shall in no way constitute a renunciation of any rights under international law concerning state responsibility for the adverse effects of climate change, and that no provisions in the Convention can be interpreted as derogating from the principles of general international law."

End Notes

China

By a communication received on 8 April 2003, the Government of the Government of the People’s Republic of China notified the Secretary-General of the following:

"In accordance with the provisions of Article 153 of the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China of 1990, the Government of the People's Republic of China decides that the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change shall apply to the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China.

The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change continues to be implemented in the Macao Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China. The Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change shall not apply to the Macao Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China until the Government of China notifies otherwise."
Montenegro

See note 1 under "Montenegro" in the "Historical Information" section in the front matter of this volume.
Países Bajos, Holanda

For the Kingdom in Europe.
Nueva Zelanda

Upon ratification, New Zealand had notified the Secretary-General of a territorial exclusion with respect to Tokealau. On 13 November 2017, New Zealand notified that it extends the application of the Convention to Tokelau. See C.N.704.2017.TREATIES-XXVII.7 of 13 November 2017.
Portugal

On 28 June 1999, the Government of Portugal informed the Secretary-General the the Convention would also apply to Macao.

Subsequently, the Secretary-General received communications concerning the status of Macao from Portugal and China (see note 1 under “Portugal” and note 3 under “China” in the “Historical Information” section in the front matter of this volume.) Upon resuming the exercise of sovereignty over Macao, China notified the Secretary-General that the Convention will also apply to the Macao Special Administrative Region.
Reino Unido

In respect of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, the Bailiwick of Jersey and the Isle of Man. On 4 April 2006: in respect of the Bailiwick of Guernsey. On 2 January 2007: in respect of Gibraltar. On 7 March 2007: in respect of Bermuda, Cayman Islands, Falkland Islands (Malvinas).
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