Official name:
Republic of Colombia
General Information
| Region | South America | |
| Population (000, 2021) | 51 266a | |
| Pop. density (per km2, 2021) | 46.2a | |
| Capital city | Bogota | |
| Capital city pop. (000, 2021) | 10 779.4c,b | |
| UN membership date | 05-Nov-45 | |
| Surface area (km2) | 1 141 748b | |
| Sex ratio (m per 100 f) | 96.5a | |
| National currency | Colombian Peso (COP) | |
| Exchange rate (per US$) | 3 444.9d |
Economic indicators
| 2010 | 2015 | 2021 | |
| GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$) | 286 563 | 293 482 | 323 803b |
| GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices) | 4.5 | 3 | 3.3b |
| GDP per capita (current US$) | 6 336.7 | 6 175.9 | 6 432.4b |
| Economy: Agriculturee (% of Gross Value Added) | 6.9 | 6.6 | 7.4b |
| Economy: Industryf,g (% of Gross Value Added) | 34.4 | 31.5 | 29b |
| Economy: Services and other activityh (% of GVA) | 58.6 | 61.9 | 63.5b |
| Employment in agriculture (% of employed) | 18.4 | 16 | 16.5i,d |
| Employment in industry (% of employed) | 20 | 19.8 | 20i,d |
| Employment in services (% employed) | 61.6 | 64.2 | 63.5i,d |
| Unemploymenti (% of labour force) | 11 | 8.3 | 9.7d |
| Labour force participation ratei (female/male pop. %) | 55.7 / 81.6 | 58.5 / 82.0 | 57.5 / 81.0d |
| CPI: Consumer Price Indexj (2010=100) | 100 | 118 | 145d |
| Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100) | 81 | 101 | 133b |
| International trade: exports (million current US$) | 39 820 | 35 691 | 31 057i,d |
| International trade: imports (million current US$) | 40 683 | 54 036 | 43 483i,d |
| International trade: balance (million current US$) | -863 | - 18 345 | - 12 426i,d |
| Balance of payments, current account (million US$) | - 8 822 | - 19 302 | - 9 326d |
Social indicators
| 2010 | 2015 | 2021 | |
| Population growth ratek (average annual %) | 1.2 | 1 | 1.4d |
| Urban population (% of total population) | 78 | 79.8 | 81.1b |
| Urban population growth ratek (average annual %) | 1.7 | 1.4 | ... |
| Fertility rate, totalk (live births per woman) | 2.1 | 1.9 | 1.8d |
| Life expectancy at birthk (females/males, years) | 77.9 / 71.7 | 78.9 / 73.1 | 79.8 / 74.2d |
| Population age distribution (0-14/60+ years old, %) | 27.3 / 9.7 | 24.5 / 11.5 | 21.9 / 13.6a |
| International migrant stock (000/% of total pop.) | 130.3 / 0.3 | 159.4 / 0.3 | 1 905.4 / 3.7d |
| Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000) | 3 672.4l | 6 520.6 | 9 822.2d |
| Infant mortality ratek (per 1 000 live births) | 16.9 | 14.4 | 12.6d |
| Health: Current expenditure (% of GDP) | 7.1 | 7.5 | 7.6m |
| Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.) | 1.6 | 3.5 | 3.8m |
| Education: Government expenditure (% of GDP) | 4.8 | 4.5 | 4.5b |
| Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 119.3 / 121.3 | 113.4 / 117.0 | 112.1 / 115.9b |
| Education: Secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 102.3 / 93.0 | 98.1 / 91.5 | 103.4 / 98.4b |
| Education: Upper secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 87.0 / 72.6 | 85.2 / 72.0 | 87.6 / 77.0b |
| Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.) | 34.2 | 26.9 | 25.3m |
| Seats held by women in national parliaments (%) | 8.4 | 19.9 | 18.8n |
Environment and infrastructure indicators
| 2010 | 2015 | 2021 | |
| Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants) | 36.5o | 55.9 | 65b |
| Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP) | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.2m |
| Threatened species (number) | 681 | 751 | 1 455 |
| Forested area (% of land area) | 54.8 | 54.2 | 53.7m |
| CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita) | 59.6 / 1.3 | 74.0 / 1.6 | 73.1 / 1.5m |
| Energy production, primary (Petajoules) | 4 486 | 5 394 | 5 047m |
| Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules) | 31 | 36 | 33m |
| Tourist/visitor arrivals at national bordersp (000) | 1 405 | 2 980q | 3 904q,m |
| Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%) | 35.1 | 42.8 | 47.6d |
| Pop. using safely managed drinking water (urban/rural, %) | 81.4 / 37.0 | 81.1 / 38.6 | 80.5 / 40.2d |
| Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural %) | 15.4 / ... | 16.0 / ... | 16.6 / ...d |
| Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI) | 0.24 | 0.47 | 0.28b |