Official name:
Arab Republic of Egypt
Область:
General Information
| Region | Northern Africa | |
| Population (000, 2021) | 104 258a | |
| Pop. density (per km2, 2021) | 104.7a | |
| Capital city | Cairo | |
| Capital city pop. (000, 2021) | 20 485.0c,b | |
| UN membership date | 24-Oct-45 | |
| Surface area (km2) | 1 002 000b | |
| Sex ratio (m per 100 f) | 102.1a | |
| National currency | Egyptian Pound (EGP) | |
| Exchange rate (per US$) | 15.7d |
Economic indicators
| 2010 | 2015 | 2021 | |
| GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$) | 214 630 | 317 745 | 317 359b |
| GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices) | 5.1 | 4.4 | 5.6b |
| GDP per capita (current US$) | 2 593.4 | 3 437.2 | 3 161.3b |
| Economy: Agriculturee (% of Gross Value Added) | 14 | 11.3 | 11.4b |
| Economy: Industrye (% of Gross Value Added) | 37.5 | 36.2 | 36.7b |
| Economy: Services and other activitye (% of GVA) | 48.5 | 52.5 | 51.9b |
| Employment in agriculture (% of employed) | 28.3 | 25.8 | 23.3f,d |
| Employment in industry (% of employed) | 25.4 | 25.1 | 28.2f,d |
| Employment in services (% employed) | 46.3 | 49.1 | 48.6f,d |
| Unemploymentf (% of labour force) | 8.8 | 13 | 10.1d |
| Labour force participation ratef (female/male pop. %) | 22.6 / 75.6 | 22.4 / 73.3 | 22.1 / 70.9d |
| CPI: Consumer Price Indexg (2010=100) | 100 | 157 | 303h,d |
| Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100) | 90 | 101 | 102b |
| International trade: exportsi (million current US$) | 26 332 | 21 852 | 26 815d |
| International trade: importsi (million current US$) | 53 003 | 73 975 | 60 280d |
| International trade: balancei (million current US$) | - 26 672 | - 52 123 | - 33 464d |
| Balance of payments, current account (million US$) | - 4 504 | - 17 243 | - 14 236d |
Social indicators
| 2010 | 2015 | 2021 | |
| Population growth ratej (average annual %) | 1.8 | 2.2 | 2d |
| Urban population (% of total population) | 43 | 42.8 | 42.7b |
| Urban population growth ratej (average annual %) | 1.8 | 2.1 | ... |
| Fertility rate, totalj (live births per woman) | 3 | 3.4 | 3.3d |
| Life expectancy at birthj (females/males, years) | 72.2 / 67.6 | 73.0 / 68.7 | 74.1 / 69.5d |
| Population age distribution (0-14/60+ years old, %) | 32.6 / 7.6 | 33.3 / 7.7 | 33.8 / 8.4a |
| International migrant stockk (000/% of total pop.) | 310.0 / 0.4 | 353.6 / 0.4 | 543.9 / 0.5d |
| Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000) | 109.9l | 256.4 | 328.8d |
| Infant mortality ratej (per 1 000 live births) | 23.5 | 18.9 | 15.6d |
| Health: Current expenditure (% of GDP) | 4.2 | 5.3 | 4.9m |
| Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.) | ... | 0.8 | 0.7b |
| Education: Government expenditure (% of GDP) | 3.8n | ... | ... |
| Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 100.7 / 103.7 | 103.7 / 104.0o | 106.9 / 106.0b |
| Education: Secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 67.9 / 69.8 | 80.6 / 81.0o | 89.0 / 89.9b |
| Education: Upper secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 46.6 / 49.7 | 66.5 / 68.0o | 76.9 / 78.2b |
| Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.) | 2.2 | 2.6p | ... |
| Seats held by women in national parliaments (%) | ... | ... | 27.4q |
Environment and infrastructure indicators
| 2010 | 2015 | 2021 | |
| Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants) | 21.6r | 37.8 | 57.3b |
| Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP) | 0.4s,t | 0.7 | 0.7m |
| Threatened species (number) | 121 | 141 | 191 |
| Forested areaf (% of land area) | 0.1 | ~0.0 | ~0.0m |
| CO2 emission estimatesu (million tons/tons per capita) | 176.9 / 2.1 | 203.3 / 2.2 | 223.6 / 2.3m |
| Energy production, primary (Petajoules) | 3 692 | 3 051 | 3 364m |
| Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules) | 39 | 37 | 38m |
| Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders (000) | 14 051 | 9 139 | 11 196m |
| Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%) | 38.4 | 38.4 | 38.4d |
| Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural %) | 67.5 / 52.8 | 69.7 / 57.7 | 72.8 / 62.7d |
| Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI) | 0.28 | 0.77 | 0.59b |