This Decree (No. 183/2025/ND-CP) amends Government Decree No. 156/2018/ND-CP and adds definitions and a new Section 4a establishing rules for planting, development and harvesting of medicinal plants in reserve forests, protection forests and production forests. It introduces definitions for medicinal plants in the forest and harvest of medicinal plants, and inserts Articles 32a–32g that set principles and constraints for activities related to medicinal plants, including: to maintain forest area, forest quality, natural succession and use purposes; not to lose the State's ownership of forests and natural resources above ground and underground; and to comply with relevant laws and regulations and CITES. Key measures involve establishing detailed procedures for planning, appraisal, and approval of medicinal plant activities. The Decree also mandates leasing processes for forest environments, with criteria for selecting lessees based on capacity, experience, and financial plans.