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    General Information
    Region    Southern Asia
    Population (000, 2021)   544a
    Pop. density (per km2, 2021)   1 812.1a
    Capital city    Male
    Capital city pop. (000, 2021)   176.9c
    UN membership date    21-Sep-65
    Surface area (km2)   300b
    Sex ratio (m per 100 f)   171.3a
    National currency    Rufiyaa (MVR)
    Exchange rate (per US$)   15.4d
    Economic indicators
    2010 2015 2021
    GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)2 5884 1095 642b
    GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)7.32.97b
    GDP per capita (current US$)7 076.79 033.410 626.5b
    Economy: Agriculturee (% of Gross Value Added)6.16.36b
    Economy: Industryf,g (% of Gross Value Added)10.212.113.5b
    Economy: Services and other activityh (% of GVA)83.881.780.5b
    Employment in agriculturei (% of employed)12.89.88.2d
    Employment in industryi (% of employed)20.919.118.3d
    Employment in servicesi (% employed)66.471.273.4d
    Unemploymenti (% of labour force)4.15.76.4d
    Labour force participation ratei (female/male pop. %)44.1 / 77.145.0 / 82.441.6 / 85.2d
    CPI: Consumer Price Index (2010=100)100i132i135j,d
    Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100)114100105b
    International trade: exports (million current US$)74144149i,d
    International trade: imports (million current US$)1 0951 8971 809i,d
    International trade: balance (million current US$)- 1 021- 1 753- 1 661i,d
    Balance of payments, current account (million US$)-196-302- 1 119d
    Social indicators
    2010 2015 2021
    Population growth ratek (average annual %)2.74.43.4d
    Urban population (% of total population)36.438.540.2b
    Urban population growth ratek (average annual %)4.23.9...
    Fertility rate, totalk (live births per woman)2.32.11.9d
    Life expectancy at birthk (females/males, years)76.2 / 73.778.4 / 75.580.4 / 77.1d
    Population age distribution (0-14/60+ years old, %)25.3 / 6.221.2 / 5.819.8 / 6.1a
    International migrant stockl (000/% of total pop.)54.7 / 14.964.3 / 14.170.1 / 13.0d
    Infant mortality ratek (per 1 000 live births)14.896.8d
    Health: Current expenditure (% of GDP)8.5m,n8.79.4c
    Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)1.41.8o1.7c
    Education: Government expenditure (% of GDP)3.63.93.7p
    Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)108.6 / 112.7q100.0 / 103.099.3 / 96.9b
    Education: Secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)... / ...... / ...78.4 / 84.3b
    Education: Upper secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)... / ...... / ...43.5 / 34.5b
    Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)1.60.7r...
    Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)6.55.94.6s
    Environment and infrastructure indicators
    2010 2015 2021
    Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants)26.5t54.5i63.2i,u
    Threatened species (number)596988
    Forested area (% of land area)2.72.72.7c
    Energy production, primary (Petajoules)000c
    Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)374148c
    Tourist/visitor arrivals at national bordersv (000)7921 2341 703b
    Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)000d
    Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI)3.880.641.37b
Data provided by UNdata