This Act establishes the legal framework for public health in Poland by defining the scope of public health tasks, the responsible authorities and institutions, and the financial mechanisms supporting these activities. It conceptualizes public health as encompassing monitoring and assessment of population health, health determinants and quality of life; health education and promotion; disease prevention; reduction of health inequalities; and promotion of physical activity. It further embeds public health within national policy through the National Health Programme which sets strategic and operational objectives, tasks, indicators and monitoring mechanisms for multi‑year implementation. The Act assigns coordination of public health tasks to the Minister of Health, who prepares the Programme, monitors implementation, ensures coherence between actors, and compiles biannual reports to the Council of Ministers. It also establishes the National Centre for Counteracting Addictions as a state budgetary unit responsible for prevention and resolution of alcohol‑, drug‑ and behaviour‑related addictions, including standard‑setting, monitoring, training, research, and cooperation with domestic and international partners. Financial provisions specify that public health tasks are funded from the budgets of the Minister of Health, other competent ministers and central bodies, the National Health Fund and local governments, with implementation typically entrusted through competitive calls for proposals. The Act further regulates sales and labelling of energy drinks and introduces sanctions for non‑compliance. It also lays down reporting obligations for public authorities and a multi‑year expenditure framework, as well as transitional and amending provisions aligning existing laws on health services, alcohol and drug policy with the new public health system.