The "Biodiversity Action Plan 2030+" is the strategic document adopted by the Principality of Liechtenstein to halt the loss of biodiversity and restore ecosystems by 2030, in alignment with the international Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework. The plan acknowledges that while Liechtenstein hosts a high diversity of species due to its unique alpine and valley geography, its biodiversity is under severe threat. Over 40% of breeding birds, 60% of reptiles, and 70% of fish are on the Red List, threatened by habitat fragmentation, intensive land use, climate change, invasive species, and pollution.
The action plan is built around a holistic vision: "Working together for near-natural spaces and a diverse natural environment—from the Rhine to the Grauspitz." It was developed through a participatory process involving government offices, municipalities, agricultural representatives, and NGOs. The strategy is structured into seven core fields of action, each with specific targets and measures: 1. Green Infrastructure, aiming to secure, expand, and connect ecologically valuable areas to create a functional network, with a goal of effectively protecting 30% of terrestrial areas; 2. Degraded Habitats, focused on restoring at least 30% of degraded ecosystems (such as wetlands, rivers, and nutrient-poor sites), establishing buffer zones, and combating invasive alien species; 3. Priority Species and Habitats Implementing targeted species-specific measures and management plans to protect the most endangered flora and fauna; 4. Chemical and Physical Impacts, reducing pollution from excess nutrients, pesticides, microplastics, and light/noise disturbance through stricter regulations and improved wastewater treatment; 5. Processes and Framework Conditions, integrating biodiversity into spatial planning, reforming subsidies that are harmful to nature, and creating positive financial incentives; 5. Economic Activities, encouraging businesses to minimize their impact on biodiversity both locally and within global supply chains through training and sustainability reporting; 6. Ecology in Populated Areas, enhancing green and blue spaces (parks, streams, roofs) in towns and villages to improve connectivity and quality of life.
The plan emphasizes cross-cutting issues like public awareness, education, and accessible information.
Implementation will be overseen by the government in cooperation with municipalities and stakeholders, supported by continuous monitoring and regular reporting.
Financial and personnel resources will be allocated based on national budgets and prioritization, with the year 2030 serving as the first major milestone for review and adjustment.