The Bangladesh National Health Adaptation Plan (HNAP) 2024 outlines a comprehensive strategy to address the growing health risks posed by climate change in one of the world’s most climate-vulnerable countries. It begins by describing Bangladesh’s high exposure to climate hazards, such as floods, cyclones, heatwaves, salinity intrusion, and air pollution, and their direct and indirect impacts on public health. The plan updates earlier health adaptation efforts to reflect new scientific evidence, national priorities, and global commitments, with the overarching goal of protecting population health while strengthening resilience of the health system through coordinated, climate-informed action. The HNAP sets out a clear implementation strategy for 2024–2029, including coordination mechanisms across sectors, a detailed action plan, cost estimates, cost-benefit analysis, and diversified financing strategies. It establishes a robust monitoring, evaluation, and reporting framework to track progress, ensure accountability, and enable periodic review and adjustment. Overall, the HNAP positions health as a central pillar of Bangladesh’s climate adaptation agenda, aiming to safeguard vulnerable populations while building a resilient, equitable, and sustainable health system in the face of accelerating climate change.