The Resolution of the Council of Ministers of 20 June 2025 approves the National Action Plan for the Improvement of Air Quality, which responds to European Union directives and infringement procedures concerning persistent exceedances of air pollutant limits in several Italian regions. The Plan establishes a framework for national, regional, and local administrations to implement short- and medium-term measures to reduce atmospheric pollution, with each administration responsible for specific actions within its competence. The Plan is structured into five areas of intervention: cross-cutting measures, agriculture, mobility, civil heating, and complementary actions. With specific reference to Area of Intervention 2, concerning the agricultural sector, the Plan identifies agriculture as a significant source of pollutant emissions, particularly ammonia (NH₃), which contributes to the secondary formation of particulate matter. The measures envisaged focus on reducing emissions arising from livestock practices and fertiliser management through the adoption and strengthening of low-emission techniques. The Plan provides for the promotion of improved systems for the storage and treatment of livestock effluents, the adoption of low-emission fertiliser application methods (such as rapid soil incorporation or direct injection), and the optimisation of animal feeding practices to reduce nitrogen outputs. It also includes both regulatory and incentive-based mechanisms designed to encourage the uptake of innovative technologies and sustainable agricultural practices, in alignment with national and European agricultural policies. In other areas operational measures include promotion of sustainable mobility, renewal of vehicle fleets, support for cold ironing in ports, and measures to reduce emissions from biomass heating systems.