This Program prescribes the goals and models for the conservation of genetic resources in the field of livestock breeding with the aim of maintaining and protecting native and protected breeds and strains that originated on the territory of the Republic of Srpska, as part of the biological heritage of interest to the Republic of Srpska. Breeding and preserving native (autochthonous) breeds and strains of domestic animals has an impact on the development of agriculture and the technological industry in terms of food production, as well as the development of the tourist offer.
The conservation of native (autochthonous) breeds and strains of domestic animals is important from several aspects, namely: genetic, ecological and cultural. The genetic aspect is reflected in the specific genetic structure, which is a source of genetic variability for improving and maintaining desirable resistance to certain diseases and environmental conditions. The ecological aspect is reflected in the fact that primarily resistant breeds can exploit extensive grasslands and less fertile areas, thereby permanently contributing to the maintenance of natural ecosystems. The cultural motive for preserving native (autochthonous) breeds is that they are part of the organization of life of a society in a narrower or wider area, both in the past and in the future.