This Updated Nationally Determined Contribution, in line with National Plans and Policies, raises the country's ambition to achieve the targets communicated as part of the Second National Communication, acknowledging the progress made in the past five years towards the 2015 targets, but also reflecting on the challenges faced during this period. This Contribution includes infrastructure, economy and finance, tourism, and energy as additional priority sectors for adaption measures, and, in terms of mitigation, pursues geothermal electricity generation as the main option for reducing the country's emissions. Furthermore, the Contribution explores opportunities for emissions reductions in the Land Use, Land Use Change and Forestry sectors, and from industrial processes and waste management. The Contribution strengthens the importance of gender, youth and private sector in the delivery of the country’s goal and in the implementation of financial resources, capacity building and technology capabilities. Particularly, this Contributions aims at enhancing youth representation and active engagement in decision-making processes concerning climate change and sustainable development, and at connecting gender, ecosystems, livelihoods, rights, and governance in a strategic way, identifying disparities among genders, understanding different local gender stereotypes, and ensuring equitable participation and equal access of all the gender.
Concerning mitigation measures, this Contribution specifies the following actions for specific sectors: bridging the gap between education and the workplace to connect tertiary-level school students with green energy sector professionals; expanding access to renewable energy-related apprenticeship programmes; empowering women in renewable energy adoption, with financial incentives, including subsidies and grants; introducing capacity building training for women for developing skills as solar technicians; investing in improved public transport; promoting reforestation, afforestation, and sustainable forestry management initiatives; making progress with the ocean initiative to maximise the blue economy potentials of the country through mangrove restoration and amelioration of ocean governance; exploring circular options for waste management. Adaptation measures and actions specified in this Contribution include: improving the capacity for data and information collection, management and sharing, determination of climatic risk and access to technology and financing for adaptation in agriculture; updating the Ministry of Agriculture’s digital platform for farmers that integrates climate data and adaptation strategies, with active participation from women and youth; increasing the management of coastal resources and the conservation of the marine biodiversity; ensuring a safe, reliable, and sustainable supply of water to the population and efficient use of water resources to build resilience; conducting a comprehensive vulnerability assessment to identify key climate change impacts and vulnerabilities and appropriate adaptation measures for the tourism sector.