Official name:
Republic of Bulgaria
Region:
General Information
| Region | Eastern Europe | |
| Population (000, 2025) | 6 715a | |
| Pop. density (per km2, 2025) | 61.9a | |
| Capital city | Sofia | |
| Capital city pop. (000, 2025) | 1 276.9c | |
| UN membership date | 14 December 1955 | |
| Surface area (km2) | 110 372b | |
| Sex ratio (m per 100 f) | 93.7a | |
| National currency | Bulgarian Lev (BGN) | |
| Exchange rate (per US$) | 1.9d |
Economic indicators
| 2015 | 2020 | 2025 | |
| GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$) | 50 766 | 70 551 | 102 397b |
| GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices) | 3.4 | -3.2 | 1.9b |
| GDP per capita (current US$) | 7 073.0 | 10 175.0 | 15 068.0b |
| Economy: Agriculturee,f (% of Gross Value Added) | 4.7 | 4 | 2.9b |
| Economy: Industryf,g (% of Gross Value Added) | 27.8 | 25.1 | 25.8b |
| Economy: Services and other activityf,h (% of GVA) | 67.5 | 70.9 | 71.3b |
| Employment in agriculturei (% of employed) | 6.9 | 6.6 | 5.7b |
| Employment in industryi (% of employed) | 29.9 | 30.3 | 29.6b |
| Employment in servicesi (% employed) | 63.2 | 63.1 | 64.7b |
| Unemployment (% of labour force) | 9.1 | 5.1 | 4i |
| Labour force participation rate (female/male pop. %) | 48.7 / 60.1 | 49.3 / 62.7 | 50.8 / 62.8i |
| CPI: Consumer Price Indexj (2010=100) | 107 | 116 | 155d |
| Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100) | 98 | 90 | 96b |
| International trade: exports (million current US$) | 25 779 | 31 915 | 46 647d |
| International trade: imports (million current US$) | 29 265 | 35 027 | 53 806d |
| International trade: balance (million current US$) | - 3 486 | - 3 113 | - 7 159d |
| Balance of payments, current account (million US$) | 9 | 256 | - 2 014d |
Social indicators
| 2015 | 2020 | 2025 | |
| Population growth rate (average annual %) | -0.7 | -0.5 | -0.7a |
| Urban population (% of total population) | 74 | 75.3c | ... |
| Urban population growth rate (average annual %) | -0.2k | ... | ... |
| Fertility rate, total (live births per woman) | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.7a |
| Life expectancy at birth (females/males, years) | 78.1 / 71.2 | 77.5 / 70.0 | 79.5 / 72.5a |
| Population age distributionl (0-14/60+ years old, %) | 13.9 / 27.2 | 14.4 / 28.5 | 14.4 / 28.8a |
| International migrant stock (000/% of total pop.) | 123.8 / 1.7 | 184.4 / 2.7 | 299.1 / 4.4d |
| Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000) | 19 | 21.5 | 98.9m,d |
| Under five mortality rate (per 1000 live births) | 7.7 | 6 | 5.7a |
| Health: Current expenditure (% of GDP) | 7.4 | 8.5 | 7.7n |
| Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.) | 4 | 4.3 | 4.3n |
| Education: Primary gross enrol. ratioi (f/m per 100 pop.) | 99.2 / 99.0 | 96.3 / 96.8 | 95.4 / 95.4b |
| Education: Lowr. sec. gross enrol. ratio i (f/m per 100 pop.) | 122.0 / 128.3 | 105.1 / 104.7 | 98.4 / 99.3b |
| Education: Upr. Sec. gross enrol. ratioi (f/m per 100 pop.) | 89.8 / 92.9 | 97.1 / 100.7 | 92.2 / 94.9b |
| Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.) | 1.8 | 1 | 1.1b |
| Seats held by women in national parliaments (%) | 20.4 | 26.7o | 21.2o |
Environment and infrastructure indicators
| 2015 | 2020 | 2025 | |
| Individuals using the Internetp (per 100 inhabitants) | 56.7 | 70.2 | 80.4b |
| Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP) | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.8q |
| Threatened species (number) | 85 | 127 | 159d |
| Forested area (% of land area) | 35.3 | 35.9 | 36.1n |
| CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita) | 44.3 / 6.2 | 34.5 / 5.0 | 44.2 / 6.5n |
| Energy production, primary (Petajoules) | 505 | 449 | 543n |
| Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules) | 108 | 105 | 117n |
| Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders (000) | 7 099 | 1 290 | 5 557n |
| Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%) | 98.3 | 99.3 | 99.3d |
| Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural, %) | 69.6 / 55.7 | 75.1 / 60.2 | 77.2 / 61.4n |
| Net Official Development Assist. disbursed (% of GNI) | 0.09r | ... | 0.17b |