Official name:
Federative Republic of Brazil
Region:
General Information
| Region | South America | |
| Population (000, 2025) | 212 812a | |
| Pop. density (per km2, 2025) | 25.5a | |
| Capital city | Brasilia | |
| Capital city pop. (000, 2025) | 4 559.0c,d | |
| UN membership date | 24 October 1945 | |
| Surface area (km2) | 8 515 767b | |
| Sex ratio (m per 100 f) | 96.8a | |
| National currency | Brazilian Real (BRL) | |
| Exchange rate (per US$) | 6.2e |
Economic indicators
| 2015 | 2020 | 2025 | |
| GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$) | 1 802 212 | 1 476 107 | 2 191 132b |
| GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices) | -3.5 | -3.3 | 3.2b |
| GDP per capita (current US$) | 8 936.0 | 7 074.0 | 10 378.0b |
| Economy: Agriculturef,g (% of Gross Value Added) | 5 | 6.6 | 6.9b |
| Economy: Industryf,h (% of Gross Value Added) | 22.5 | 22.5 | 25.4b |
| Economy: Services and other activityf,i (% of GVA) | 72.5 | 70.9 | 67.8b |
| Employment in agriculturej (% of employed) | 9.3 | 9.3 | 8.2b |
| Employment in industryj (% of employed) | 22.8 | 20.3 | 20.2b |
| Employment in servicesj (% employed) | 67.8 | 70.4 | 71.6b |
| Unemployment (% of labour force) | 8.5 | 13.7 | 7.6j |
| Labour force participation rate (female/male pop. %) | 53.3 / 75.7 | 50.3 / 71.1 | 52.8 / 72.6j |
| CPI: Consumer Price Indexk (2010=100) | 138 | 173 | 223e |
| Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100) | 102 | 113 | 126b |
| International trade: exports (million current US$) | 186 775 | 209 180 | 337 036e |
| International trade: imports (million current US$) | 180 457 | 166 336 | 277 549e |
| International trade: balance (million current US$) | 6 317 | 42 844 | 59 487e |
| Balance of payments, current account (million US$) | - 63 409 | - 24 914 | - 61 194e |
Social indicators
| 2015 | 2020 | 2025 | |
| Population growth rate (average annual %) | 0.8 | 0.5 | 0.4a |
| Urban population (% of total population) | 85.8 | 86.8d | ... |
| Urban population growth rate (average annual %) | 1.2l | ... | ... |
| Fertility rate, total (live births per woman) | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.6a |
| Life expectancy at birth (females/males, years) | 78.5 / 71.8 | 77.6 / 71.5 | 79.3 / 73.1a |
| Population age distributionm (0-14/60+ years old, %) | 22.4 / 12.0 | 20.8 / 14.2 | 19.4 / 16.6a |
| International migrant stockn (000/% of total pop.) | 646.5 / 0.3 | 1 048.9 / 0.5 | 1 406.3 / 0.7e |
| Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000) | 66 | 407.8 | 739.2e |
| Under five mortality rate (per 1000 live births) | 16 | 14.5 | 13.3a |
| Health: Current expenditurep (% of GDP) | 8.9o | 9.6j | 9.1j,q |
| Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.) | 1.9r | 2.4d | 2.4b |
| Education: Primary gross enrol. ratioj (f/m per 100 pop.) | 106.7 / 111.5 | 102.9 / 108.1 | 103.5 / 104.4q |
| Education: Lowr. sec. gross enrol. ratio j (f/m per 100 pop.) | 107.0 / 108.6 | 110.2 / 110.0 | 110.3 / 109.4q |
| Education: Upr. Sec. gross enrol. ratioj (f/m per 100 pop.) | 99.8 / 85.5 | 101.9 / 91.5 | 106.9 / 95.7q |
| Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.) | 28.9 | 22.9 | 20.6b |
| Seats held by women in national parliaments (%) | 9 | 14.6s | 18.1s |
Environment and infrastructure indicators
| 2015 | 2020 | 2025 | |
| Individuals using the Internett (per 100 inhabitants) | 58.3 | 81.3 | 84.2b |
| Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP) | 1.4 | 1.1 | ... |
| Threatened species (number) | 966 | 1 078 | 2 611e |
| Forested area (% of land area) | 60.3 | 59.4 | 59.1q |
| CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita) | 463.5 / 2.3 | 393.2 / 1.9 | 415.7 / 2.0q |
| Energy production, primary (Petajoules) | 11 567 | 13 170 | 13 504q |
| Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules) | 61 | 56 | 59q |
| Tourist/visitor arrivals at national bordersu (000) | 6 306 | 2 146 | 3 630q |
| Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%) | 43.8 | 45.8 | 46e |
| Pop. using safely managed drinking water (urban/rural, %) | 85.2 / 62.8 | 87.9 / 72.7 | 88.9 / 76.0q |
| Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural, %) | 46.1 / ... | 50.7 / ... | 51.4 / ...q |
| Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI) | 0.06 | 0.04 | 0.03b |