Official name:
People's Republic of China
Region:
General Information
| Region | Eastern Asia | |
| Population (000, 2025) | 1 416 096a,b | |
| Pop. density (per km2, 2025) | 147.5a,b | |
| Capital city | Beijing | |
| Capital city pop. (000, 2025) | 20 035.5d,e | |
| UN membership date | 24 October 1945 | |
| Surface area (km2) | 9 600 000c | |
| Sex ratio (m per 100 f) | 103.7a,b | |
| National currency | Yuan Renminbi (CNY) | |
| Exchange rate (per US$) | 7.3a,f |
Economic indicators
| 2015 | 2020 | 2025 | |
| GDP: Gross domestic producta (million current US$) | 11 061 573 | 14 687 744 | 17 794 782c |
| GDP growth ratea (annual %, const. 2015 prices) | 7 | 2.2 | 5.2c |
| GDP per capitaa (current US$) | 7 923.0 | 10 299.0 | 12 509.0c |
| Economy: Agricultureg,h,i (% of Gross Value Added) | 8.7 | 8 | 7.5c |
| Economy: Industryh,j (% of Gross Value Added) | 41 | 38 | 38.5c |
| Economy: Services and other activityg,h,k (% of GVA) | 50.3 | 54 | 54c |
| Employment in agriculturea,l (% of employed) | 28.3 | 23.6 | 22.3c |
| Employment in industrya,l (% of employed) | 29.3 | 31.4 | 31.8c |
| Employment in servicesa,l (% employed) | 42.4 | 45 | 45.8c |
| Unemploymenta,l (% of labour force) | 4.6 | 5 | 4.5 |
| Labour force participation ratea,l (female/male pop. %) | 62.6 / 75.9 | 59.9 / 71.9 | 59.2 / 70.7 |
| CPI: Consumer Price Index (2010=100) | 115 | 112m | 115m,f |
| Agricultural production indexa (2014-2016=100) | 101 | 105 | 114c |
| International trade: exportsa (million current US$) | 2 273 468 | 2 589 098 | 3 576 543f |
| International trade: importsa (million current US$) | 1 679 564 | 2 069 568 | 2 585 135f |
| International trade: balancea (million current US$) | 593 904 | 519 530 | 991 409f |
| Balance of payments, current accounta (million US$) | 293 022 | 248 836 | 423 919f |
Social indicators
| 2015 | 2020 | 2025 | |
| Population growth ratea (average annual %) | 0.5 | 0.1 | -0.2b |
| Urban populationa (% of total population) | 55.5 | 60.3e | ... |
| Urban population growth rate (average annual %) | 2.9a,n | ... | ... |
| Fertility rate, totala (live births per woman) | 1.7 | 1.2 | 1b |
| Life expectancy at birtha (females/males, years) | 79.8 / 74.4 | 81.0 / 75.2 | 81.2 / 75.7b |
| Population age distributiona,o (0-14/60+ years old, %) | 18.3 / 15.6 | 18.0 / 17.9 | 15.4 / 21.5b |
| International migrant stocka,p,q (000/% of total pop.) | 1 196.0 / 0.1 | 1 415.1 / 0.1 | 1 638.7 / 0.1f |
| Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000) | 301.6a | 304.1a | 0.9f |
| Under five mortality ratea (per 1000 live births) | 10.8 | 7.6 | 7.5b |
| Health: Current expenditure (% of GDP) | 4.9 | 5.6r | 5.4s |
| Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.) | 1.8 | 2.4 | 3.1s |
| Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 98.2 / 96.9 | 100.1 / 98.4 | 100.1 / 98.4c |
| Education: Lowr. sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 104.7 / 101.4t | ... / ... | ... / ... |
| Education: Upr. Sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 87.9 / 82.0 | 86.5 / 82.9 | 93.0 / 90.2c |
| Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.) | 0.7 | 0.5 | ... |
| Seats held by women in national parliaments (%) | 23.6 | 24.9u | 26.5u |
Environment and infrastructure indicators
| 2015 | 2020 | 2025 | |
| Individuals using the Interneta,w (per 100 inhabitants) | 50.3l,v | 70.1 | 77.5c |
| Research & Development expenditurea (% of GDP) | 2.1 | 2.4 | 2.4x |
| Threatened speciesa (number) | 1 040 | 1 172 | 1 761f |
| Forested area (% of land area) | 22.4 | 23.4 | 23.8s |
| CO2 emission estimatesa (million tons/tons per capita) | 8 989.5 / 6.4 | 9 850.6 / 6.9 | 10 710.9 / 7.5s |
| Energy production, primarya (Petajoules) | 101 382 | 112 748 | 127 765s |
| Energy supply per capitaa (Gigajoules) | 86 | 99 | 109s |
| Tourist/visitor arrivals at national bordersa (000) | 56 886 | 7 967y | ... |
| Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%) | 9.5 | 10.1 | 10.1f |
| Pop. using safely managed drinking watera (urban/rural, %) | 93.8 / ... | 97.5 / ... | 97.9 / ...s |
| Pop. using safely managed sanitationa (urban/rural, %) | 69.8 / 24.0 | 83.8 / 34.0 | 84.7 / 36.7s |
| Net Official Development Assist. receiveda (% of GNI) | -~0.00 | -~0.00 | -~0.00c |