Official name:
Republic of Iraq
Region:
General Information
| Region | Western Asia | |
| Population (000, 2025) | 47 021a | |
| Pop. density (per km2, 2025) | 108.3a | |
| Capital city | Baghdad | |
| Capital city pop. (000, 2025) | 6 974.4c | |
| UN membership date | 21 December 1945 | |
| Surface area (km2) | 435 052b | |
| Sex ratio (m per 100 f) | 100.9a | |
| National currency | Iraqi Dinar (IQD) | |
| Exchange rate (per US$) | 1 300.0d |
Economic indicators
| 2015 | 2020 | 2025 | |
| GDP: Gross domestic producte (million current US$) | 166 774 | 180 924 | 232 107b |
| GDP growth ratee (annual %, const. 2015 prices) | 4.7 | -12.8 | -2.9b |
| GDP per capitae (current US$) | 4 440.0 | 4 296.0 | 5 149.0b |
| Economy: Agriculturee (% of Gross Value Added) | 4.2 | 6 | 2.8b |
| Economy: Industrye (% of Gross Value Added) | 45 | 39.6 | 55.2b |
| Economy: Services and other activitye (% of GVA) | 50.9 | 54.4 | 42b |
| Employment in agriculturef (% of employed) | 9.6 | 8.7 | 8.2b |
| Employment in industryf (% of employed) | 27.7 | 27.8 | 27.6b |
| Employment in servicesf (% employed) | 62.7 | 63.5 | 64.2b |
| Unemploymentf (% of labour force) | 10.8 | 15.8 | 15.3 |
| Labour force participation ratef (female/male pop. %) | 14.2 / 72.9 | 10.9 / 69.3 | 10.7 / 71.8 |
| CPI: Consumer Price Index (2010=100) | 118 | 120 | 107g,d |
| Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100) | 80 | 157 | 112b |
| International trade: exports (million current US$) | 49 403 | 59 754f | 109 974f,d |
| International trade: imports (million current US$) | 30 855 | 37 171f | 58 216f,d |
| International trade: balance (million current US$) | 18 547 | 22 582f | 51 757f,d |
| Balance of payments, current account (million US$) | - 2 762 | - 6 306 | 28 375b |
Social indicators
| 2015 | 2020 | 2025 | |
| Population growth rate (average annual %) | 2.6 | 2.3 | 2.1a |
| Urban population (% of total population) | 69.9 | 70.7c | ... |
| Urban population growth rate (average annual %) | 3.4h | ... | ... |
| Fertility rate, total (live births per woman) | 4.1 | 3.4 | 3.2a |
| Life expectancy at birth (females/males, years) | 72.0 / 67.8 | 72.3 / 67.0 | 74.3 / 70.6a |
| Population age distributioni (0-14/60+ years old, %) | 40.4 / 4.9 | 38.5 / 5.0 | 36.0 / 5.6a |
| International migrant stockj,k (000/% of total pop.) | 359.4 / 1.0 | 365.8 / 0.9 | 371.0 / 0.8d |
| Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000) | 4 311.7 | 1 836.7 | 1 425.3l,d |
| Under five mortality rate (per 1000 live births) | 29.8 | 25.7 | 22a |
| Health: Current expenditurem (% of GDP) | 3.2 | 5.8n | 4.3n,o |
| Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.) | 0.7 | 0.9 | 1o |
| Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.) | 9.5p | ... | ... |
| Seats held by women in national parliaments (%) | 26.5 | 26.4q | 28.9q |
Environment and infrastructure indicators
| 2015 | 2020 | 2025 | |
| Individuals using the Internetf (per 100 inhabitants) | 15.2 | 53.7 | 81.7b |
| Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP) | ~0.0 | ~0.0 | ~0.0r |
| Threatened species (number) | 69 | 80 | 124d |
| Forested area (% of land area) | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.9o |
| CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita) | 108.3 / 2.9 | 128.6 / 3.1 | 171.6 / 3.9o |
| Energy production, primary (Petajoules) | 7 565 | 8 794 | 9 684o |
| Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules) | 43 | 50 | 59o |
| Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders (000) | 892p | ... | ... |
| Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%) | 5.5 | 5.6 | 5.6d |
| Pop. using safely managed drinking water (urban/rural, %) | 63.7 / 42.8 | 64.6 / 47.6 | 64.6 / 47.6o |
| Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural, %) | 43.1 / 38.4 | 52.9 / 47.6 | 54.7 / 48.0o |
| Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI) | 0.9 | 1.32 | 0.8b |