Official name:
Republic of Peru
Region:
General Information
| Region | South America | |
| Population (000, 2025) | 34 577a | |
| Pop. density (per km2, 2025) | 27a | |
| Capital city | Lima | |
| Capital city pop. (000, 2025) | 10 554.7c,d | |
| UN membership date | 31 October 1945 | |
| Surface area (km2) | 1 285 216b | |
| Sex ratio (m per 100 f) | 98.9a | |
| National currency | Sol (PEN) | |
| Exchange rate (per US$) | 3.7b |
Economic indicators
| 2015 | 2020 | 2025 | |
| GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$) | 189 803 | 201 410 | 267 603b |
| GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices) | 3.3 | -10.9 | -0.6b |
| GDP per capita (current US$) | 6 232.0 | 6 133.0 | 7 907.0b |
| Economy: Agriculturee,f (% of Gross Value Added) | 7.7 | 8.4 | 8b |
| Economy: Industrye,g (% of Gross Value Added) | 33.2 | 32.9 | 37.5b |
| Economy: Services and other activitye,h (% of GVA) | 59.1 | 58.8 | 54.6b |
| Employment in agriculturei (% of employed) | 27 | 33.7 | 24b |
| Employment in industryi (% of employed) | 17.4 | 15.9 | 16.4b |
| Employment in servicesi (% employed) | 55.6 | 50.5 | 59.7b |
| Unemployment (% of labour force) | 3.3 | 7.2 | 4.8i |
| Labour force participation rate (female/male pop. %) | 67.7 / 84.3 | 59.9 / 78.2 | 65.2 / 80.5i |
| CPI: Consumer Price Indexj (2010=100) | 118 | 133 | 163k |
| Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100) | 99 | 118 | 127b |
| International trade: exports (million current US$) | 33 667 | 38 757i | 59 775i,k |
| International trade: imports (million current US$) | 38 026 | 36 064 | 49 898i,k |
| International trade: balance (million current US$) | - 4 359 | 2 693i | 9 877i,k |
| Balance of payments, current account (million US$) | - 8 747 | 1 890 | 2 219b |
Social indicators
| 2015 | 2020 | 2025 | |
| Population growth rate (average annual %) | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1a |
| Urban population (% of total population) | 77.4 | 78.1d | ... |
| Urban population growth rate (average annual %) | 1.6l | ... | ... |
| Fertility rate, total (live births per woman) | 2.2 | 2.1 | 1.9a |
| Life expectancy at birth (females/males, years) | 78.0 / 73.6 | 78.0 / 70.4 | 80.5 / 75.8a |
| Population age distributionm (0-14/60+ years old, %) | 27.5 / 11.6 | 25.5 / 12.3 | 23.6 / 13.3a |
| International migrant stockn (000/% of total pop.) | 152.6 / 0.5 | 1 184.8 / 3.6 | 1 837.2 / 5.4k |
| Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000) | 1.8 | 1 110.8 | 1 567.3k |
| Under five mortality rate (per 1000 live births) | 17.3 | 15.7 | 12.5a |
| Health: Current expenditureo (% of GDP) | 4.9p | 6.4 | 6.1q |
| Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.) | 1.1r | 1.4 | 1.7b |
| Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 102.1 / 103.5 | 113.3 / 112.8 | 114.4 / 113.5b |
| Education: Lowr. sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 102.0 / 107.0 | 101.1 / 101.8 | 124.1 / 117.3b |
| Education: Upr. Sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 92.1 / 95.4 | 98.6 / 97.7 | 97.1 / 98.5b |
| Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.) | 7.4 | 5.8 | 8.6s |
| Seats held by women in national parliaments (%) | 22.3 | 30t,u | 41.5u |
Environment and infrastructure indicators
| 2015 | 2020 | 2025 | |
| Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants) | 40.9v | 65.3w,x | 79.5w,x,b |
| Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP) | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2y,q |
| Threatened species (number) | 643 | 819 | 1 218k |
| Forested area (% of land area) | 57.2 | 56.5 | 56.2q |
| CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita) | 44.4 / 1.5 | 44.0 / 1.3 | 58.7 / 1.8q |
| Energy production, primary (Petajoules) | 953 | 932 | 1 041q |
| Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules) | 30 | 29 | 35q |
| Tourist/visitor arrivals at national bordersz (000) | 3 456 | 897 | 2 009q |
| Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%) | 20.6 | 22.2 | 23.2k |
| Pop. using safely managed drinking water (urban/rural, %) | 58.7 / 20.1 | 59.5 / 22.2 | 59.8 / 23.0q |
| Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural, %) | 44.0 / ... | 56.5 / ... | 61.6 / ...q |
| Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI) | 0.18 | 0.25 | 0.23b |