This practical guidance aims to assist countries of Eastern Europe and the Caucasus in their legislative reforms towards establishing appropriate legal and institutional frameworks to implement the provisions of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (ECE) Protocol on Strategic Environmental Assessment (Protocol on SEA) to the Convention on Environmental Impact Assessment in a Transboundary Context (Espoo Convention). It provides guidance for the implementation of the obligations under the Protocol on SEA, illustrates good practice and provides ideas for designing effective