Chemicals are part of everyday life and make the lives of millions of people around the world more productive and comfortable. However, there are toxic substances that persist, bioaccumulate and transport over long distances, such as the Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs). The increased incidence of cancer, of conditions that affect the reproductive system and other chronic effects are examples of adverse consequences of exposure to these substances, affecting particularly vulnerable populations such as women, children, workers and farmers, notably in developing countries.