Official name:
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
المنطقة:
General Information
| Region | Western Asia | |
| Population (000, 2024) | 33 963a | |
| Pop. density (per km2, 2024) | 15.8a | |
| Capital city | Riyadh | |
| Capital city pop. (000, 2024) | 7 070.7c | |
| UN membership date | 24 October 1945 | |
| Surface area (km2) | 2 206 714b | |
| Sex ratio (m per 100 f) | 153.4a | |
| National currency | Saudi Riyal (SAR) | |
| Exchange rate (per US$) | 3.8d |
Economic indicators
| 2015 | 2020 | 2024 | |
| GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$) | 669 484 | 734 271 | 1 108 149b |
| GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices) | 4.7 | -4.3 | 8.7b |
| GDP per capita (current US$) | 20 442.4 | 20 398.1 | 30 436.3b |
| Economy: Agriculturee,f (% of Gross Value Added) | 2.8 | 3.1 | 2.5b |
| Economy: Industryg (% of Gross Value Added) | 45.1 | 41.2 | 56.2b |
| Economy: Services and other activityh (% of GVA) | 52.1 | 55.7 | 41.3b |
| Employment in agriculturei (% of employed) | 5.9 | 3.2 | 2.9b |
| Employment in industryi (% of employed) | 23.8 | 22.9 | 16.9b |
| Employment in servicesi (% employed) | 70.3 | 73.9 | 80.2b |
| Unemployment (% of labour force) | 5.6 | 7.4i | 4.8i |
| Labour force participation rate (female/male pop. %) | 22.2 / 79.9 | 29.5 / 80.1 | 34.2 / 79.6i |
| CPI: Consumer Price Indexj (2010=100) | 96 | 101 | 109d |
| Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100) | 101 | 169 | 172b |
| International trade: exports (million current US$) | 203 689 | 185 699 | 327 043i,d |
| International trade: imports (million current US$) | 174 786 | 131 313 | 205 723i,d |
| International trade: balance (million current US$) | 28 903 | 54 386 | 121 320i,d |
| Balance of payments, current account (million US$) | - 52 640 | - 25 547 | 34 070d |
Social indicators
| 2015 | 2020 | 2024 | |
| Population growth rate (average annual %) | 3.3 | 1.2 | 1.8a |
| Urban population (% of total population) | 83.2 | 84.1c | ... |
| Urban population growth rate (average annual %) | 3.1l | ... | ... |
| Fertility rate, total (live births per woman) | 2.6 | 2.3 | 2.3a |
| Life expectancy at birth (females/males, years) | 79.7 / 76.6 | 80.1 / 76.0 | 81.3 / 77.3a |
| Population age distributionm (0-14/60+ years old, %) | 25.1 / 3.7 | 25.5 / 4.4 | 23.8 / 5.2a |
| International migrant stock (000/% of total pop.) | 10 771.4 / 34.0n | 13 454.8 / 38.6n | ... / ... |
| Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000) | 70.3 | 72.9 | 74.4d |
| Under five mortality rate (per 1000 live births) | 9.1 | 7 | 7.4a |
| Health: Current expenditure (% of GDP) | 5.9 | 6.6o | 6o,p |
| Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.) | 2.2 | 2.6 | 3.1b |
| Education: Primary gross enrol. ratioi (f/m per 100 pop.) | 105.2 / 100.3 | 103.6 / 101.8 | 101.7 / 103.6b |
| Education: Lowr. sec. gross enrol. ratio i (f/m per 100 pop.) | 108.3 / 105.0 | 101.1 / 101.7 | 107.3 / 108.3b |
| Education: Upr. Sec. gross enrol. ratioi (f/m per 100 pop.) | 98.7 / 101.3 | 104.2 / 106.4 | 133.2 / 133.5b |
| Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.) | ... | 0.8c | ... |
| Seats held by women in national parliaments (%) | 19.9 | 19.9q | 19.9q |
Environment and infrastructure indicators
| 2015 | 2020 | 2024 | |
| Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants) | 69.6r | 97.9s | 100t,b |
| Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP) | 0.8u,v,w | 0.5x,y | 0.5x,b |
| Threatened species (number) | 119 | 144 | 175d |
| Forested area (% of land area) | 0.5i | 0.5i | 0.5p |
| CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita) | 527.1 / 16.1 | 475.1 / 13.2 | 549.2 / 15.3p |
| Energy production, primary (Petajoules) | 27 183 | 25 916 | 26 624p |
| Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules) | 298 | 271 | 305p |
| Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders (000) | 17 994 | 4 138 | 16 638b |
| Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%) | 18 | 23.3 | 23.3d |
| Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural, %) | 82.4 / ... | 82.4 / ... | 82.4 / ...b |
| Net Official Development Assist. disbursed (% of GNI) | ... | ... | 0.57b |