Nom officiel:
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Région:
General Information
| Region | Western Asia | |
| Population (000, 2025) | 34 566a | |
| Pop. density (per km2, 2025) | 16.1a | |
| Capital city | Riyadh | |
| Capital city pop. (000, 2025) | 7 070.7c | |
| UN membership date | 24 October 1945 | |
| Surface area (km2) | 2 206 714b | |
| Sex ratio (m per 100 f) | 152.7a | |
| National currency | Saudi Riyal (SAR) | |
| Exchange rate (per US$) | 3.8d |
Economic indicators
| 2015 | 2020 | 2025 | |
| GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$) | 669 484 | 734 271 | 1 067 583b |
| GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices) | 4.5 | -3.6 | -0.8b |
| GDP per capita (current US$) | 22 335.0 | 23 693.0 | 32 094.0b |
| Economy: Agriculturee,f (% of Gross Value Added) | 2.8 | 3.1 | 2.9b |
| Economy: Industryf,g (% of Gross Value Added) | 45.1 | 41.2 | 49.7b |
| Economy: Services and other activityf,h (% of GVA) | 52.1 | 55.7 | 47.5b |
| Employment in agriculturei (% of employed) | 5.9 | 3.2 | 2.8b |
| Employment in industryi (% of employed) | 23.8 | 22.9 | 16.3b |
| Employment in servicesi (% employed) | 70.3 | 73.9 | 80.8b |
| Unemployment (% of labour force) | 5.6 | 7.7 | 3.8i |
| Labour force participation rate (female/male pop. %) | 21.6 / 79.1 | 29.3 / 80.8 | 34.7 / 80.5i |
| CPI: Consumer Price Indexj (2010=100) | 96 | 101 | 111d |
| Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100) | 101 | 170 | 172b |
| International trade: exports (million current US$) | 203 689 | 173 854i | 302 021i,d |
| International trade: imports (million current US$) | 174 786 | 137 982 | 217 340i,d |
| International trade: balance (million current US$) | 28 903 | 35 872i | 84 682i,d |
| Balance of payments, current account (million US$) | - 52 640 | - 25 547 | - 5 685d |
Social indicators
| 2015 | 2020 | 2025 | |
| Population growth rate (average annual %) | 3.3 | 1.2 | 1.7a |
| Urban population (% of total population) | 83.2 | 84.1c | ... |
| Urban population growth rate (average annual %) | 3.1k | ... | ... |
| Fertility rate, total (live births per woman) | 2.6 | 2.3 | 2.3a |
| Life expectancy at birth (females/males, years) | 79.7 / 76.6 | 80.1 / 76.0 | 81.5 / 77.6a |
| Population age distributionl (0-14/60+ years old, %) | 25.1 / 3.7 | 25.5 / 4.4 | 23.6 / 5.4a |
| International migrant stockm,n (000/% of total pop.) | 13 251.6 / 44.2 | 13 071.3 / 42.2 | 13 683.8 / 40.3d |
| Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000) | 70.3 | 72.9 | 74.4o,d |
| Under five mortality rate (per 1000 live births) | 9.1 | 7 | 7.1a |
| Health: Current expenditure (% of GDP) | 5.9 | 6.6p | 4.6p,q |
| Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.) | 2.4 | 3.1 | 3.4b |
| Education: Primary gross enrol. ratioi (f/m per 100 pop.) | 105.2 / 100.3 | 103.6 / 101.8 | 101.7 / 103.6q |
| Education: Lowr. sec. gross enrol. ratio i (f/m per 100 pop.) | 108.3 / 105.0 | 101.1 / 101.7 | 107.3 / 108.3q |
| Education: Upr. Sec. gross enrol. ratioi (f/m per 100 pop.) | 98.7 / 101.3 | 104.2 / 106.4 | 133.2 / 133.5q |
| Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.) | ... | 0.9c | ... |
| Seats held by women in national parliaments (%) | 19.9 | 19.9r | 19.9r |
Environment and infrastructure indicators
| 2015 | 2020 | 2025 | |
| Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants) | 69.6s | 97.9t | 100u,b |
| Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP) | 0.8v,w,x | 0.5y,z | 0.5z,q |
| Threatened species (number) | 119 | 144 | 255d |
| Forested area (% of land area) | 0.5i | 0.5i | 0.5q |
| CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita) | 527.1 / 17.6 | 511.1 / 16.5 | 525.1 / 16.3q |
| Energy production, primary (Petajoules) | 27 183 | 26 111 | 28 267q |
| Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules) | 326 | 332 | 319q |
| Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders (000) | 17 994 | 4 138 | 16 638q |
| Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%) | 17.3 | 20.8 | 34.2d |
| Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural, %) | 82.4 / ... | 82.4 / ... | 82.4 / ...q |
| Net Official Development Assist. disbursed (% of GNI) | ... | ... | 0.49b |