Official name:
Somali Republic
المنطقة:
General Information
| Region | Eastern Africa | |
| Population (000, 2025) | 19 655a | |
| Pop. density (per km2, 2025) | 31.3a | |
| Capital city | Mogadishu | |
| Capital city pop. (000, 2025) | 2 179.9c,d | |
| UN membership date | 20 September 1960 | |
| Surface area (km2) | 637 657b | |
| Sex ratio (m per 100 f) | 100.4a | |
| National currency | Somali Shilling (SOS) | |
| Exchange rate (per US$) | 24 300.0e,f |
Economic indicators
| 2015 | 2020 | 2025 | |
| GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$) | 6 628 | 8 628 | 10 969b |
| GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices) | 23.7 | -2.8 | 4.2b |
| GDP per capita (current US$) | 480 | 518 | 597b |
| Economy: Agriculture (% of Gross Value Added) | 60.2 | 60.2 | 60.2b |
| Economy: Industry (% of Gross Value Added) | 7.3 | 7.4 | 7.4b |
| Economy: Services and other activity (% of GVA) | 32.5 | 32.5 | 32.5b |
| Employment in agricultureg (% of employed) | 29.5 | 26.9 | 26b |
| Employment in industryg (% of employed) | 16.4 | 17.5 | 17.9b |
| Employment in servicesg (% employed) | 54.1 | 55.6 | 56.1b |
| Unemploymentg (% of labour force) | 18.6 | 19.4 | 18.8 |
| Labour force participation rateg (female/male pop. %) | 21.0 / 47.7 | 20.9 / 46.8 | 20.9 / 47.0 |
| Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100) | 102 | 100 | 100b |
| International trade: exportsg (million current US$) | 676 | 500 | 1 114f |
| International trade: importsg (million current US$) | 1 842 | 3 507 | 3 982f |
| International trade: balanceg (million current US$) | - 1 166 | - 3 007 | - 2 868f |
Social indicators
| 2015 | 2020 | 2025 | |
| Population growth rate (average annual %) | 3.4 | 3.8 | 3.3a |
| Urban population (% of total population) | 43.2 | 45.6d | ... |
| Urban population growth rate (average annual %) | 4.8h | ... | ... |
| Fertility rate, total (live births per woman) | 7 | 6.5 | 5.9a |
| Life expectancy at birth (females/males, years) | 57.1 / 53.0 | 59.2 / 55.1 | 61.7 / 56.6a |
| Population age distributioni (0-14/60+ years old, %) | 47.6 / 4.0 | 47.0 / 4.1 | 46.6 / 4.1a |
| International migrant stockg,j (000/% of total pop.) | 41.0 / 0.3 | 58.6 / 0.4 | 78.0 / 0.4f |
| Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000) | 1 165.0 | 2 701.8 | 3 901.6f |
| Under five mortality rate (per 1000 live births) | 133.3 | 113.5 | 101.1a |
| Health: Current expenditureg,k,l (% of GDP) | 2.8 | 2.2 | 2.6m |
| Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.) | ~0.0n | ... | ... |
| Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | ... / ... | ... / ... | 19.0 / 22.8b |
| Seats held by women in national parliaments (%) | 13.8 | 24.4o | 19o |
Environment and infrastructure indicators
| 2015 | 2020 | 2025 | |
| Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants) | 1.8g | 15g | 27.6m |
| Threatened species (number) | 165 | 199 | 354f |
| Forested area (% of land area) | 10.1 | 9.5 | 9.3m |
| CO2 emission estimatesg (million tons/tons per capita) | 0.9 / 0.1 | 1.2 / 0.1 | 1.3 / 0.1m |
| Energy production, primary (Petajoules) | 129 | 151 | 157g,m |
| Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules) | 10 | 10 | 10g,m |
| Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%) | 0 | 0 | 0f |
| Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural, %) | 41.1 / 16.4 | 43.9 / 20.9 | 44.5 / 21.8m |
| Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI) | 18.12 | 33.23 | 19.6b |