Definition(s)
Towns and cities viewed as ecosystems, having an input of matter and energy, recycling within the system, and an output of matter and energy into the surroundings. (Source: GEMET/ GILP96)
التدرج
Broader: النظام الإيكولوجي
In other languages
English
urban ecosystem
French
écosystème urbain
روسية
экосистема города
Spanish
ecosistemas urbanos
صينية مبسطة
城市生态系统
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