Official name:
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Region:
General Information
| Region | Southern Europe | |
| Population (000, 2025) | 3 140a | |
| Pop. density (per km2, 2025) | 61.3a | |
| Capital city | Sarajevo | |
| Capital city pop. (000, 2025) | 342.7c,d | |
| UN membership date | 22 May 1992 | |
| Surface area (km2) | 51 209b | |
| Sex ratio (m per 100 f) | 90.9a | |
| National currency | Convertible Mark (BAM) | |
| Exchange rate (per US$) | 1.9e |
Economic indicators
| 2015 | 2020 | 2025 | |
| GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$) | 16 404 | 20 226 | 27 515b |
| GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices) | 4.3 | -3 | 2.1b |
| GDP per capita (current US$) | 4 662.0 | 6 130.0 | 8 639.0b |
| Economy: Agriculturef,g (% of Gross Value Added) | 7.3 | 7 | 5.6b |
| Economy: Industryg,h (% of Gross Value Added) | 26.3 | 28.2 | 28.2b |
| Economy: Services and other activityg,i (% of GVA) | 66.4 | 64.8 | 66.2b |
| Employment in agriculturej (% of employed) | 17.9 | 12.7 | 17.6b |
| Employment in industryj (% of employed) | 29.5 | 33.1 | 30.6b |
| Employment in servicesj (% employed) | 52.6 | 54.2 | 51.8b |
| Unemployment (% of labour force) | 27.7 | 15.9 | 10.7j |
| Labour force participation ratej (female/male pop. %) | 39.4 / 62.7 | 38.2 / 60.8 | 39.3 / 60.0 |
| CPI: Consumer Price Index (2010=100) | 104 | 104 | 130e |
| Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100) | 99 | 115 | 106b |
| International trade: exports (million current US$) | 5 099 | 6 153j | 8 894e |
| International trade: imports (million current US$) | 8 994 | 9 868 | 15 853e |
| International trade: balance (million current US$) | - 3 895 | - 3 715j | - 6 959e |
| Balance of payments, current account (million US$) | -826 | -574 | - 1 176e |
Social indicators
| 2015 | 2020 | 2025 | |
| Population growth rate (average annual %) | -1.3 | -1.5 | -0.8a |
| Urban population (% of total population) | 47.2 | 48.6d | ... |
| Urban population growth rate (average annual %) | -0.3k | ... | ... |
| Fertility rate, total (live births per woman) | 1.3 | 1.5 | 1.5a |
| Life expectancy at birth (females/males, years) | 80.2 / 73.5 | 79.4 / 72.5 | 81.2 / 74.9a |
| Population age distributionl (0-14/60+ years old, %) | 14.3 / 24.2 | 13.6 / 28.0 | 12.8 / 30.7a |
| International migrant stockj,m (000/% of total pop.) | 38.6 / 1.1 | 36.0 / 1.1 | 34.1 / 1.1e |
| Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000) | 143.9 | 156.2 | 93.2e |
| Under five mortality rate (per 1000 live births) | 6.4 | 6.4 | 5.2a |
| Health: Current expendituren (% of GDP) | 9.2 | 9.7 | 8.7o |
| Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.) | 2.1 | 2.6d | ... |
| Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 95.6 / 93.8 | 101.1 / 99.5 | 102.2 / 100.3b |
| Education: Lowr. sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 89.6 / 88.4 | 92.8 / 90.9 | 95.9 / 94.0b |
| Education: Upr. Sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 86.0 / 80.0 | 83.0 / 76.6 | 85.3 / 77.5b |
| Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.) | 1.6 | 1.3 | 1.2b |
| Seats held by women in national parliaments (%) | 21.4 | 21.4p | 19p |
Environment and infrastructure indicators
| 2015 | 2020 | 2025 | |
| Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants) | 52.6j | 73.2q | 83.4q,b |
| Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP) | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2o |
| Threatened species (number) | 85 | 104 | 147e |
| Forested area (% of land area) | 42.2j | 42.7j | 42.7o |
| CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita) | 18.7 / 5.3 | 21.1 / 6.4 | 21.0 / 6.6o |
| Energy production, primary (Petajoules) | 173 | 219 | 222o |
| Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules) | 71 | 90 | 95o |
| Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders (000) | 678 | 197 | 915o |
| Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%) | 43.6 | 58.4 | 58.4e |
| Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural, %) | 28.2 / ... | 53.1 / ... | 58.1 / ...o |
| Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI) | 2.16 | 2.19 | 1.14b |