Official name:
Canada
Region:
General Information
| Region | Northern America | |
| Population (000, 2021) | 38 068a | |
| Pop. density (per km2, 2021) | 4.2a | |
| Capital city | Ottawa | |
| Capital city pop. (000, 2021) | 1 378.2c,b | |
| UN membership date | 09-Nov-45 | |
| Surface area (km2) | 9 984 670b | |
| Sex ratio (m per 100 f) | 98.6a | |
| National currency | Canadian Dollar (CAD) | |
| Exchange rate (per US$) | 1.3d |
Economic indicators
| 2010 | 2015 | 2021 | |
| GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$) | 1 617 267 | 1 556 129 | 1 741 497b |
| GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices) | 3.1 | 0.7 | 1.9b |
| GDP per capita (current US$) | 47 361.1 | 43 193.8 | 46 550.3b |
| Economy: Agriculturee (% of Gross Value Added) | 1.6 | 2 | 2b |
| Economy: Industryf,g (% of Gross Value Added) | 27.9 | 25.8 | 25.6b |
| Economy: Services and other activityh (% of GVA) | 70.5 | 72.1 | 72.5b |
| Employment in agriculture (% of employed) | 1.8 | 1.6 | 1.4i,d |
| Employment in industry (% of employed) | 20.2 | 19.9 | 19.4i,d |
| Employment in services (% employed) | 78 | 78.4 | 79.2i,d |
| Unemploymenti (% of labour force) | 8.1 | 6.9 | 5.4d |
| Labour force participation ratei (female/male pop. %) | 61.9 / 71.5 | 60.8 / 70.5 | 60.7 / 69.2d |
| CPI: Consumer Price Indexj (2010=100) | 100 | 109 | 118d |
| Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100) | 86 | 99 | 111b |
| International trade: exportsk (million current US$) | 386 580 | 408 697 | 389 513d |
| International trade: importsk (million current US$) | 392 109 | 419 375 | 405 391d |
| International trade: balancek (million current US$) | - 5 529 | - 10 677 | - 15 878d |
| Balance of payments, current account (million US$) | - 58 163 | - 54 696 | - 29 722d |
Social indicators
| 2010 | 2015 | 2021 | |
| Population growth ratel (average annual %) | 1.2 | 1.1 | 0.9d |
| Urban population (% of total population) | 80.9 | 81.3 | 81.5b |
| Urban population growth ratel (average annual %) | 1.3 | 1.1 | ... |
| Fertility rate, totall (live births per woman) | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.5d |
| Life expectancy at birthl (females/males, years) | 83.0 / 78.4 | 83.8 / 79.6 | 84.2 / 80.2d |
| Population age distribution (0-14/60+ years old, %) | 16.5 / 19.9 | 16.0 / 22.3 | 15.8 / 25.4a |
| International migrant stock (000/% of total pop.) | 6 761.2 / 19.8 | 7 428.7 / 20.6 | 8 049.3 / 21.3d |
| Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000) | 216.6m | 155.8m | 209.4d |
| Infant mortality ratel (per 1 000 live births) | 5.1 | 4.6 | 4.5d |
| Health: Current expendituren (% of GDP) | 10.7 | 10.7 | 10.8o |
| Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.) | ... | ... | 2.4b |
| Education: Government expenditure (% of GDP) | 5.4 | 5.3p | ... |
| Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 98.9 / 98.4 | 102.9 / 102.1 | 101.3 / 101.7o |
| Education: Secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 101.2 / 103.6 | 110.9 / 109.9 | 114.7 / 113.5o |
| Education: Upper secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 102.0 / 105.0 | 119.9 / 118.2 | 118.4 / 117.2o |
| Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.) | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.8o |
| Seats held by women in national parliaments (%) | 22.1 | 25.2 | 29.6q |
Environment and infrastructure indicators
| 2010 | 2015 | 2021 | |
| Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants) | 80.3r,s | 90i,t | 92.7i,u |
| Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP) | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.5v,b |
| Threatened species (number) | 77 | 97 | 180 |
| Forested area (% of land area) | 38.7 | 38.7 | 38.7o |
| CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita) | 526.2 / 15.5 | 549.3 / 15.4 | 571.8 / 15.2b |
| Energy production, primary (Petajoules) | 16 662 | 19 766 | 22 149o |
| Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules) | 319 | 328 | 336o |
| Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders (000) | 16 219 | 17 971 | 21 134o |
| Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%) | 27 | 27.5 | 29.9d |
| Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural %) | 80.9 / 80.6 | 82.9 / 82.5 | 84.4 / 84.1d |
| Net Official Development Assist. disbursedw (% of GNI) | 0.34 | 0.28 | 0.26u |