Official name:
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Region:
General Information
| Region | Northern Europe | |
| Population (000, 2025) | 69 551a,b | |
| Pop. density (per km2, 2025) | 286.5a,b | |
| Capital city | London | |
| Capital city pop. (000, 2025) | 9 176.5e,f | |
| UN membership date | 24 October 1945 | |
| Surface area (km2) | 242 495c,d | |
| Sex ratio (m per 100 f) | 97.1a,b | |
| National currency | Pound Sterling (GBP) | |
| Exchange rate (per US$) | 0.8g |
Economic indicators
| 2015 | 2020 | 2025 | |
| GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$) | 2 927 911 | 2 696 778 | 3 380 855d |
| GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices) | 2.2 | -10.3 | 0.3d |
| GDP per capita (current US$) | 44 782.0 | 40 040.0 | 49 224.0d |
| Economy: Agricultureh,i (% of Gross Value Added) | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.6d |
| Economy: Industryi,j (% of Gross Value Added) | 20.3 | 19.3 | 19.3d |
| Economy: Services and other activityi,k (% of GVA) | 79 | 80 | 77.5d |
| Employment in agriculturel (% of employed) | 1.1 | 1 | 1d |
| Employment in industryl (% of employed) | 18.7 | 18.1 | 17.8d |
| Employment in servicesl (% employed) | 80.2 | 80.9 | 81.2d |
| Unemployment (% of labour force) | 5.5 | 4.5 | 3.9l |
| Labour force participation rate (female/male pop. %) | 56.7 / 68.1 | 58.2 / 67.1 | 57.2 / 66.2l |
| CPI: Consumer Price Indexm (2010=100) | 112 | 122 | 150g |
| Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100) | 101 | 98 | 99d |
| International trade: exports (million current US$) | 466 296 | 395 692 | 508 685g |
| International trade: imports (million current US$) | 630 251 | 634 175 | 809 206g |
| International trade: balance (million current US$) | - 163 955 | - 238 483 | - 300 520g |
| Balance of payments, current account (million US$) | - 144 834 | - 79 781 | - 96 634g |
Social indicators
| 2015 | 2020 | 2025 | |
| Population growth rateb (average annual %) | 0.8 | 0.2 | 0.6a |
| Urban population (% of total population) | 82.6 | 83.7f | ... |
| Urban population growth rate (average annual %) | 1n | ... | ... |
| Fertility rate, totalb (live births per woman) | 1.8 | 1.6 | 1.5a |
| Life expectancy at birthb (females/males, years) | 82.7 / 79.0 | 82.4 / 78.4 | 83.4 / 79.7a |
| Population age distributionb,o (0-14/60+ years old, %) | 17.9 / 23.2 | 18.0 / 24.3 | 17.0 / 25.8a |
| International migrant stockp,q (000/% of total pop.) | 9 071.4 / 13.9 | 10 520.9 / 15.6 | 11 845.5 / 17.1g |
| Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000) | 155.1 | 191.6 | 611.5r,g |
| Under five mortality rateb (per 1000 live births) | 4.5 | 4.2 | 4.1a |
| Health: Current expenditure (% of GDP) | 9.8 | 12 | 10.9d |
| Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.) | 2.8 | 3 | 3.3d |
| Education: Primary gross enrol. ratiol (f/m per 100 pop.) | 100.3 / 100.1 | 102.2 / 102.2 | 102.4 / 102.6s |
| Education: Lowr. sec. gross enrol. ratio l (f/m per 100 pop.) | 109.2 / 112.3 | 113.4 / 113.5 | 112.8 / 113.4s |
| Education: Upr. Sec. gross enrol. ratiol (f/m per 100 pop.) | 141.3 / 132.5 | 119.0 / 112.1 | 117.0 / 110.0s |
| Intentional homicide ratet (per 100 000 pop.) | 0.9 | 0.9 | 1.1u |
| Seats held by women in national parliaments (%) | 22.8 | 33.8v | 40.5v |
Environment and infrastructure indicators
| 2015 | 2020 | 2025 | |
| Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants) | 92 | 94.8w | 96.3l,d |
| Research & Development expenditurex (% of GDP) | 2.3l | 2.9 | 2.9u |
| Threatened species (number) | 87 | 176 | 227g |
| Forested area (% of land area) | 13 | 13.2 | 13.3s |
| CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita) | 403.4 / 6.2 | 302.2 / 4.5 | 309.7 / 4.5s |
| Energy production, primaryy (Petajoules) | 4 892 | 4 876 | 4 319s |
| Energy supply per capitay (Gigajoules) | 115 | 96 | 94s |
| Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders (000) | 35 149 | 10 714 | 30 741s |
| Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%) | 86.3 | 86.8 | 86.8g |
| Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural, %) | 99.0 / 93.6 | 99.0 / 93.6 | 99.0 / 93.6s |
| Net Official Development Assist. disbursedz (% of GNI) | 0.7 | 0.73 | 0.59d |