Official name:
Republic of Ghana
Region:
General Information
| Region | Western Africa | |
| Population (000, 2025) | 35 064a | |
| Pop. density (per km2, 2025) | 154.1a | |
| Capital city | Accra | |
| Capital city pop. (000, 2025) | 2 475.2c | |
| UN membership date | 8 March 1957 | |
| Surface area (km2) | 238 537b | |
| Sex ratio (m per 100 f) | 99.7a | |
| National currency | Ghana Cedi (GHS) | |
| Exchange rate (per US$) | 11.9b |
Economic indicators
| 2015 | 2020 | 2025 | |
| GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$) | 49 406 | 70 043 | 76 370b |
| GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices) | 2.1 | 0.5 | 2.9b |
| GDP per capita (current US$) | 1 722.0 | 2 197.0 | 2 260.0b |
| Economy: Agricultured,e (% of Gross Value Added) | 21.8 | 20.1 | 22.7b |
| Economy: Industrye,f (% of Gross Value Added) | 34 | 31.8 | 31.7b |
| Economy: Services and other activitye,g (% of GVA) | 44.2 | 48.1 | 45.6b |
| Employment in agricultureh (% of employed) | 35.2 | 38.5 | 35.4b |
| Employment in industryh (% of employed) | 18.7 | 17.7 | 17.7b |
| Employment in servicesh (% employed) | 46.1 | 43.8 | 46.9b |
| Unemployment (% of labour force) | 6.8 | 3.3h | 2.9h |
| Labour force participation rate (female/male pop. %) | 65.0 / 73.5 | 62.2 / 66.8h | 61.3 / 64.2h |
| CPI: Consumer Price Index (2010=100) | 183 | 306 | 749i |
| Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100) | 100 | 122 | 131b |
| International trade: exportsj (million current US$) | 13 756 | 14 912h | 20 157h,i |
| International trade: importsj (million current US$) | 14 687 | 14 216h | 18 479h,i |
| International trade: balancej (million current US$) | -932 | 696h | 1 678h,i |
| Balance of payments, current account (million US$) | - 2 824 | - 2 134 | 1 407b |
Social indicators
| 2015 | 2020 | 2025 | |
| Population growth rate (average annual %) | 2.3 | 2 | 1.8a |
| Urban population (% of total population) | 54.1 | 56.7c | ... |
| Urban population growth rate (average annual %) | 3.6k | ... | ... |
| Fertility rate, total (live births per woman) | 4 | 3.5 | 3.3a |
| Life expectancy at birth (females/males, years) | 65.1 / 61.3 | 66.7 / 62.0 | 68.4 / 63.5a |
| Population age distributionl (0-14/60+ years old, %) | 38.6 / 5.1 | 37.2 / 5.5 | 35.4 / 6.2a |
| International migrant stockm (000/% of total pop.) | 414.7 / 1.4 | 476.4 / 1.5 | 532.3 / 1.5i |
| Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000) | 21.3 | 13.3 | 12.3i |
| Under five mortality rate (per 1000 live births) | 55.5 | 45.5 | 39.4a |
| Health: Current expendituren (% of GDP) | 4.5 | 4.4 | 3.7o |
| Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.) | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.3b |
| Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 102.1 / 104.3 | 98.3 / 98.5 | 96.8 / 99.6o |
| Education: Lowr. sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 81.4 / 85.2 | 83.3 / 82.8 | 82.6 / 81.7o |
| Education: Upr. Sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 45.9 / 52.1 | 62.5 / 66.1 | 73.0 / 73.4o |
| Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.) | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.8o |
| Seats held by women in national parliaments (%) | 10.9 | 13.1p | 14.6p |
Environment and infrastructure indicators
| 2015 | 2020 | 2025 | |
| Individuals using the Interneth (per 100 inhabitants) | 23 | 62.5q | 69.9b |
| Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP) | 0.4r,s | ... | ... |
| Threatened species (number) | 223 | 255 | 296i |
| Forested area (% of land area) | 34.6 | 35.1 | 35.2o |
| CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita) | 14.6 / 0.5 | 18.8 / 0.6 | 20.1 / 0.6o |
| Energy production, primary (Petajoules) | 424 | 704 | 637o |
| Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules) | 13 | 15 | 16o |
| Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borderst (000) | 897 | 355 | 915o |
| Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%) | 78.8 | 78.8 | 78.8i |
| Pop. using safely managed drinking water (urban/rural, %) | 52.1 / 11.0 | 61.6 / 16.5 | 62.6 / 18.8o |
| Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural, %) | 11.6 / 11.9 | 13.4 / 16.4 | 14.0 / 18.4o |
| Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI) | 3.7 | 3.12 | 2.08b |