Official name:
Republic of Rwanda
Region:
General Information
| Region | Eastern Africa | |
| Population (000, 2021) | 13 276a | |
| Pop. density (per km2, 2021) | 538.2a | |
| Capital city | Kigali | |
| Capital city pop. (000, 2021) | 1 094.8b | |
| UN membership date | 18-Sep-62 | |
| Surface area (km2) | 26 338b | |
| Sex ratio (m per 100 f) | 96.7a | |
| National currency | Rwanda Franc (RWF) | |
| Exchange rate (per US$) | 972.5c |
Economic indicators
| 2010 | 2015 | 2021 | |
| GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$) | 6 124 | 8 533 | 10 355b |
| GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices) | 7.3 | 8.9 | 9.4b |
| GDP per capita (current US$) | 610 | 750.5 | 820.1b |
| Economy: Agricultured (% of Gross Value Added) | 26.9 | 26.3 | 25.7b |
| Economy: Industrye,f (% of Gross Value Added) | 18.1 | 19.2 | 20.6b |
| Economy: Services and other activityg (% of GVA) | 55.1 | 54.5 | 53.6b |
| Employment in agricultureh (% of employed) | 79.5 | 66.7 | 61.7c |
| Employment in industryh (% of employed) | 5.7 | 8.3 | 9.1c |
| Employment in servicesh (% employed) | 14.8 | 25 | 29.2c |
| Unemploymenth (% of labour force) | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1c |
| Labour force participation rateh (female/male pop. %) | 84.1 / 84.9 | 83.9 / 84.0 | 84.0 / 83.3c |
| CPI: Consumer Price Indexi,j (2010=100) | 100 | 122 | 151c |
| Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100) | 117 | 101 | 123b |
| International trade: exports (million current US$) | 242 | 594 | 1 629h,c |
| International trade: imports (million current US$) | 1 405 | 2 370 | 3 595h,c |
| International trade: balance (million current US$) | - 1 163 | - 1 777 | - 1 966h,c |
| Balance of payments, current account (million US$) | -399 | - 1 084 | - 1 254b |
Social indicators
| 2010 | 2015 | 2021 | |
| Population growth ratek (average annual %) | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.6c |
| Urban population (% of total population) | 16.9 | 17 | 17.3b |
| Urban population growth ratek (average annual %) | 2.6 | 2.6 | ... |
| Fertility rate, totalk (live births per woman) | 4.8 | 4.2 | 4.1c |
| Life expectancy at birthk (females/males, years) | 61.5 / 58.5 | 67.6 / 63.8 | 70.5 / 66.3c |
| Population age distribution (0-14/60+ years old, %) | 41.5 / 4.1 | 40.6 / 4.5 | 39.2 / 5.3a |
| International migrant stockl (000/% of total pop.) | 426.9 / 4.3 | 514.6 / 4.5 | 513.9 / 4.0c |
| Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000) | 55.7m | 135.6 | 150.5c |
| Infant mortality ratek (per 1 000 live births) | 62.7 | 39.4 | 29.2c |
| Health: Current expendituren (% of GDP) | 8.5 | 6.9o | 7.5p |
| Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.) | ... | 0.1 | 0.1b |
| Education: Government expenditure (% of GDP) | 4.6 | 3.6h | 3.1p |
| Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 150.1 / 146.4 | 140.6 / 138.7 | 130.0 / 132.7b |
| Education: Secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 31.6 / 31.6 | 39.4 / 36.3 | 47.0 / 41.6b |
| Education: Upper secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 18.4 / 20.6 | 32.1 / 31.9 | 32.5 / 31.0b |
| Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.) | 2.9 | 2.6 | ... |
| Seats held by women in national parliaments (%) | 56.2 | 63.8 | 61.3q |
Environment and infrastructure indicators
| 2010 | 2015 | 2021 | |
| Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants) | 8 | 18h | 21.8h,r |
| Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP) | ... | ... | 0.6s |
| Threatened species (number) | 55 | 61 | 171 |
| Forested areah (% of land area) | 10.7 | 10.9 | 11.1p |
| Energy production, primaryh (Petajoules) | 76 | 85 | 87p |
| Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules) | 8 | 9h | 8h,p |
| Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders (000) | 504 | 987 | 932s |
| Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%) | 51.7 | 51.7 | 51.7c |
| Pop. using safely managed drinking water (urban/rural, %) | 35.1 / 2.6 | 40.8 / 3.9 | 45.5 / 5.0c |
| Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural %) | ... / 43.3 | ... / 49.2 | ... / 53.8c |
| Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI) | 16.92 | 12.98 | 11.92b |