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    General Information
    Region    Eastern Asia
    Population (000, 2021)   126 051a
    Pop. density (per km2, 2021)   345.8a
    Capital city    Tokyo
    Capital city pop. (000, 2021)   37 435.2d,c
    UN membership date    18-Dec-56
    Surface area (km2)   377 930b,c
    Sex ratio (m per 100 f)   95.4a
    National currency    Yen (JPY)
    Exchange rate (per US$)   103.6e
    Economic indicators
    2010 2015 2021
    GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)5 700 0984 389 4765 082 466c
    GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)4.21.20.7c
    GDP per capita (current US$)44 344.134 296.840 063.5c
    Economy: Agriculturef (% of Gross Value Added)1.11.11.2c
    Economy: Industryf (% of Gross Value Added)28.529.228.9c
    Economy: Services and other activityf (% of GVA)70.469.769.9c
    Employment in agriculture (% of employed)4.13.63.4g,e
    Employment in industry (% of employed)25.62524.1g,e
    Employment in services (% employed)70.471.472.6g,e
    Unemploymentg (% of labour force)5.13.42.3e
    Labour force participation rateg (female/male pop. %)48.7 / 72.149.8 / 70.852.7 / 71.0e
    CPI: Consumer Price Indexh (2010=100)100104105e
    Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100)96100100c
    International trade: exports (million current US$)769 774624 874641 283e
    International trade: imports (million current US$)694 059625 568635 402e
    International trade: balance (million current US$)75 715-6955 880e
    Balance of payments, current account (million US$)220 888136 472164 497e
    Social indicators
    2010 2015 2021
    Population growth ratei (average annual %)~0.0-0.1-0.2e
    Urban population (% of total population)90.891.491.7c
    Urban population growth ratei (average annual %)1.1~0.0...
    Fertility rate, totali (live births per woman)1.31.41.4e
    Life expectancy at birthi (females/males, years)86.0 / 79.286.5 / 80.087.5 / 81.3e
    Population age distribution (0-14/60+ years old, %)13.4 / 30.313.0 / 32.812.3 / 34.6a
    International migrant stockj (000/% of total pop.)2 134.2 / 1.72 232.2 / 1.72 771.0 / 2.2e
    Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)7k13.8g30.6g,e
    Infant mortality ratei (per 1 000 live births)2.62.21.8e
    Health: Current expenditure (% of GDP)9.210.911l
    Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)2.22.3m2.5l
    Education: Government expenditure (% of GDP)3.63.6m3.2n
    Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)0.40.30.3l
    Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)11.29.59.9o
    Environment and infrastructure indicators
    2010 2015 2021
    Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants)78.2p91.192.7c
    Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP)3.13.33.3q,l
    Threatened species (number)330364562
    Forested areag (% of land area)68.568.468.4l
    CO2 emission estimatesr (million tons/tons per capita)1 131.8 / 8.81 155.6 / 9.11 066.2 / 8.5c
    Energy production, primaryr (Petajoules)4 2241 3422 100l
    Energy supply per capitar (Gigajoules)163141140l
    Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borderss (000)8 61119 73731 882c
    Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)61.165.165.1e
    Net Official Development Assist. disbursedt (% of GNI)0.20.20.23n
Data provided by UNdata