Official name:
Mongolia
区域:
General Information
| Region | Eastern Asia | |
| Population (000, 2025) | 3 517a | |
| Pop. density (per km2, 2025) | 2.3a | |
| Capital city | Ulaanbaatar | |
| Capital city pop. (000, 2025) | 1 552.7c | |
| UN membership date | 27 October 1961 | |
| Surface area (km2) | 1 564 116b | |
| Sex ratio (m per 100 f) | 99.3a | |
| National currency | Tugrik (MNT) | |
| Exchange rate (per US$) | 3 420.5d |
Economic indicators
| 2015 | 2020 | 2025 | |
| GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$) | 11 620 | 13 313 | 19 872b |
| GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices) | 1.3 | -4.6 | 7b |
| GDP per capita (current US$) | 3 904.0 | 4 046.0 | 5 790.0b |
| Economy: Agriculturee,f (% of Gross Value Added) | 15.3 | 14.3 | 11.3b |
| Economy: Industryf,g (% of Gross Value Added) | 34.3 | 40.9 | 44.3b |
| Economy: Services and other activityf,h (% of GVA) | 50.3 | 44.7 | 44.4b |
| Employment in agriculturei (% of employed) | 28.5 | 25.2 | 26.1b |
| Employment in industryi (% of employed) | 20.3 | 20.4 | 23.4b |
| Employment in servicesi (% employed) | 51.3 | 54.5 | 50.5b |
| Unemployment (% of labour force) | 4.9 | 6.6 | 5.1i |
| Labour force participation rate (female/male pop. %) | 53.4 / 66.2 | 54.5 / 69.7 | 52.4 / 67.8i |
| CPI: Consumer Price Index (2010=100) | 164j | 100k | 146k,d |
| Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100) | 110 | 167 | 145b |
| International trade: exports (million current US$) | 4 669 | 7 576 | 16 664i,d |
| International trade: imports (million current US$) | 3 797 | 5 299 | 13 975i,d |
| International trade: balance (million current US$) | 873 | 2 278 | 2 690i,d |
| Balance of payments, current account (million US$) | -948 | -675 | 121b |
Social indicators
| 2015 | 2020 | 2025 | |
| Population growth rate (average annual %) | 2.2 | 1.6 | 1.2a |
| Urban population (% of total population) | 68.2 | 68.5c | ... |
| Urban population growth rate (average annual %) | 2.1l | ... | ... |
| Fertility rate, total (live births per woman) | 3 | 2.9 | 2.6a |
| Life expectancy at birth (females/males, years) | 73.8 / 65.0 | 75.2 / 65.3 | 76.9 / 67.8a |
| Population age distributionm (0-14/60+ years old, %) | 29.5 / 6.0 | 32.8 / 7.4 | 31.6 / 9.1a |
| International migrant stockn,o (000/% of total pop.) | 19.9 / 0.7 | 21.3 / 0.6 | 22.6 / 0.6d |
| Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000) | ~0.0 | ~0.0 | ~0.0d |
| Under five mortality rate (per 1000 live births) | 19.4 | 15 | 10.6a |
| Health: Current expenditure (% of GDP) | 4.2 | 4.7 | 8.9p |
| Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.) | 3.2 | 3.8 | 4.1p |
| Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 97.5 / 98.1 | 93.4 / 91.4 | 94.1 / 92.1b |
| Education: Lowr. sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 91.7 / 88.0q | 95.6 / 90.8 | 93.7 / 90.9b |
| Education: Upr. Sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 88.3 / 82.8 | 104.8 / 93.9 | 109.2 / 99.8b |
| Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.) | 7.2 | 6.2 | 5.9b |
| Seats held by women in national parliaments (%) | 14.9 | 17.3r | 25.4r |
Environment and infrastructure indicators
| 2015 | 2020 | 2025 | |
| Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants) | 22.5 | 62.5s | 83i,b |
| Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP) | 0.2t | 0.1u | 0.1v,p |
| Threatened species (number) | 36 | 43 | 44d |
| Forested area (% of land area) | 9.1 | 9.1 | 9.1p |
| CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita) | 24.0 / 8.1 | 43.7 / 13.3 | 41.5 / 12.2p |
| Energy production, primary (Petajoules) | 655 | 1 172 | 947p |
| Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules) | 92 | 148 | 138p |
| Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders (000) | 386 | 59 | 286p |
| Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%) | 40.7 | 45.2 | 45.2d |
| Pop. using safely managed drinking water (urban/rural, %) | 44.6 / 7.9 | 49.3 / 11.2 | 51.3 / 12.7p |
| Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural, %) | 66.1 / 44.5 | 70.2 / 54.1 | 70.3 / 56.3p |
| Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI) | 2.22 | 5.84 | 1.44b |