Official name:
Romania
区域:
General Information
| Region | Eastern Europe | |
| Population (000, 2025) | 18 909a | |
| Pop. density (per km2, 2025) | 82.2a | |
| Capital city | Bucharest | |
| Capital city pop. (000, 2025) | 1 812.3c | |
| UN membership date | 14 December 1955 | |
| Surface area (km2) | 238 391b | |
| Sex ratio (m per 100 f) | 93.9a | |
| National currency | Romanian Leu (RON) | |
| Exchange rate (per US$) | 4.8d |
Economic indicators
| 2015 | 2020 | 2025 | |
| GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$) | 177 885 | 252 034 | 350 776b |
| GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices) | 3.2 | -3.7 | 2.4b |
| GDP per capita (current US$) | 8 952.0 | 12 996.0 | 18 348.0b |
| Economy: Agriculturee,f (% of Gross Value Added) | 5 | 4.5 | 4.2b |
| Economy: Industrye,g (% of Gross Value Added) | 35.1 | 29.2 | 29.2b |
| Economy: Services and other activitye,h (% of GVA) | 59.9 | 66.3 | 66.5b |
| Employment in agriculturei (% of employed) | 25.6 | 20.5 | 17.9b |
| Employment in industryi (% of employed) | 28.5 | 29.7 | 33.2b |
| Employment in servicesi (% employed) | 46 | 49.8 | 48.9b |
| Unemployment (% of labour force) | 6.8 | 5 | 5.2i |
| Labour force participation ratei (female/male pop. %) | 42.7 / 60.8 | 42.8 / 62.0 | 41.7 / 61.7 |
| CPI: Consumer Price Index (2010=100) | 114j | 127k | 177k,d |
| Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100) | 96 | 87 | 89b |
| International trade: exports (million current US$) | 60 605 | 71 046 | 100 371d |
| International trade: imports (million current US$) | 69 858 | 92 056 | 136 519d |
| International trade: balance (million current US$) | - 9 253 | - 21 010 | - 36 148d |
| Balance of payments, current account (million US$) | - 1 134 | - 12 883 | - 31 988d |
Social indicators
| 2015 | 2020 | 2025 | |
| Population growth rate (average annual %) | -0.5 | -0.6 | -0.6a |
| Urban population (% of total population) | 53.9 | 54.1c | ... |
| Urban population growth rate (average annual %) | -0.5l | ... | ... |
| Fertility rate, total (live births per woman) | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.7a |
| Life expectancy at birth (females/males, years) | 78.3 / 71.2 | 78.0 / 70.3 | 79.8 / 72.7a |
| Population age distributionm (0-14/60+ years old, %) | 15.7 / 23.9 | 16.1 / 25.5 | 15.6 / 25.4a |
| International migrant stockn (000/% of total pop.) | 212.6 / 1.1 | 338.7 / 1.7 | 655.6 / 3.4d |
| Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000) | 2.9 | 4.3 | 167.7d |
| Under five mortality rate (per 1000 live births) | 9.2 | 6.7 | 6.1a |
| Health: Current expenditure (% of GDP) | 4.9 | 6.2o | 5.7o,p |
| Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.) | 2.8 | 3.3 | 3.6p |
| Education: Primary gross enrol. ratioi (f/m per 100 pop.) | 88.4 / 89.7 | 91.5 / 92.3 | 84.5 / 85.4b |
| Education: Lowr. sec. gross enrol. ratio i (f/m per 100 pop.) | 91.9 / 93.7 | 84.0 / 85.4 | 83.1 / 84.2b |
| Education: Upr. Sec. gross enrol. ratioi (f/m per 100 pop.) | 90.2 / 89.6 | 89.8 / 86.6 | 80.6 / 78.6b |
| Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.) | 1.7 | 1.4 | 1.1b |
| Seats held by women in national parliaments (%) | 13.7 | 21.9q | 22.4q |
Environment and infrastructure indicators
| 2015 | 2020 | 2025 | |
| Individuals using the Internetr (per 100 inhabitants) | 55.8 | 78.5 | 89.2b |
| Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP) | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5s |
| Threatened species (number) | 85 | 140 | 181d |
| Forested area (% of land area) | 30 | 30.1 | 30.1p |
| CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita) | 68.9 / 3.5 | 63.3 / 3.3 | 64.8 / 3.4p |
| Energy production, primary (Petajoules) | 1 116 | 941 | 934p |
| Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules) | 67 | 70 | 69p |
| Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders (000) | 9 331 | 5 023 | 12 697p |
| Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%) | 74.1 | 74.3 | 76d |
| Pop. using safely managed drinking water (urban/rural, %) | 95.0 / 66.7 | 95.0 / 66.7 | 95.0 / 66.7p |
| Net Official Development Assist. disbursed (% of GNI) | 0.07t | ... | 0.16b |