Official name:
Kingdom of the Netherlands
المنطقة:
General Information
| Region | Western Europe | |
| Population (000, 2021) | 17 173a | |
| Pop. density (per km2, 2021) | 509.3a | |
| Capital city | Amsterdamc | |
| Capital city pop. (000, 2021) | 1 140.3b | |
| UN membership date | 10-Dec-45 | |
| Surface area (km2) | 41 543b | |
| Sex ratio (m per 100 f) | 99.4a | |
| National currency | Euro (EUR) | |
| Exchange rate (per US$) | 0.8d |
Economic indicators
| 2010 | 2015 | 2021 | |
| GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$) | 846 555 | 765 265 | 907 051b |
| GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices) | 1.3 | 2 | 1.7b |
| GDP per capita (current US$) | 50 743.8 | 45 179.0 | 53 052.8b |
| Economy: Agriculturee (% of Gross Value Added) | 2 | 1.9 | 1.8b |
| Economy: Industryf,g (% of Gross Value Added) | 21.9 | 20.2 | 19.9b |
| Economy: Services and other activityh (% of GVA) | 76.1 | 77.9 | 78.3b |
| Employment in agriculture (% of employed) | 3.1 | 2.3 | 2i,d |
| Employment in industry (% of employed) | 17.7 | 16.4 | 15.8i,d |
| Employment in services (% employed) | 79.2 | 81.2 | 82.2i,d |
| Unemploymenti (% of labour force) | 5 | 6.9 | 3d |
| Labour force participation ratei (female/male pop. %) | 58.0 / 71.0 | 58.2 / 70.1 | 58.1 / 68.7d |
| CPI: Consumer Price Index (2010=100) | 100 | 109 | 117d |
| Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100) | 90 | 100 | 100b |
| International trade: exports (million current US$) | 492 646 | 464 697 | 551 598d |
| International trade: imports (million current US$) | 439 987 | 412 644 | 482 764d |
| International trade: balance (million current US$) | 52 659 | 52 053 | 68 834d |
| Balance of payments, current account (million US$) | 61 803 | 48 549 | 71 062d |
Social indicators
| 2010 | 2015 | 2021 | |
| Population growth ratej (average annual %) | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.2d |
| Urban population (% of total population) | 87.1 | 90.2 | 91.9b |
| Urban population growth ratej (average annual %) | 1.4 | 1 | ... |
| Fertility rate, totalj (live births per woman) | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7d |
| Life expectancy at birthj (females/males, years) | 82.2 / 78.0 | 83.1 / 79.4 | 83.8 / 80.3d |
| Population age distribution (0-14/60+ years old, %) | 17.5 / 22.0 | 16.8 / 24.1 | 15.5 / 27.1a |
| International migrant stock (000/% of total pop.) | 1 832.5 / 11.0 | 1 996.3 / 11.8 | 2 358.3 / 13.8d |
| Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000) | 90.1k | 92.5 | 108d |
| Infant mortality ratej (per 1 000 live births) | 4.1 | 3.5 | 2.5d |
| Health: Current expenditure (% of GDP) | 10.2 | 10.3 | 10l |
| Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.) | 3 | 3.5 | 3.7l |
| Education: Government expenditure (% of GDP) | 5.5 | 5.3 | 5.2m |
| Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 108.1 / 108.5 | 102.7 / 102.7 | 105.2 / 105.3l |
| Education: Secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 121.2 / 122.9 | 134.6 / 132.6 | 135.0 / 133.6l |
| Education: Upper secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 118.4 / 115.4 | 137.2 / 128.6 | 140.1 / 131.8l |
| Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.) | 0.9 | 0.6 | 0.6l |
| Seats held by women in national parliaments (%) | 42 | 37.3 | 33.3n |
Environment and infrastructure indicators
| 2010 | 2015 | 2021 | |
| Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants) | 90.7o,p | 91.7 | 93.3b |
| Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP) | 1.7 | 2 | 2.2q,r,l |
| Threatened species (number) | 24 | 29 | 75 |
| Forested area (% of land area) | 11.1 | 10.8 | 10.9i,l |
| CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita) | 170.8 / 10.3 | 157.9 / 9.3 | 142.8 / 8.2b |
| Energy production, primarys (Petajoules) | 2 979 | 2 004 | 1 524l |
| Energy supply per capitas (Gigajoules) | 206 | 176 | 178l |
| Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders (000) | 10 883 | 15 007 | 18 780l |
| Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%) | 73 | 76.2 | 79.6d |
| Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural %) | 97.5 / 97.4 | 97.5 / 97.5 | 97.5 / 97.5d |
| Net Official Development Assist. disbursedt (% of GNI) | 0.81 | 0.75 | 0.6m |