Official name:
United Mexican States
Region:
General Information
| Region | Central America | |
| Population (000, 2021) | 130 262a | |
| Pop. density (per km2, 2021) | 67a | |
| Capital city | Mexico City | |
| Capital city pop. (000, 2021) | 21 671.9c,b | |
| UN membership date | 07-Nov-45 | |
| Surface area (km2) | 1 964 375b | |
| Sex ratio (m per 100 f) | 95.8a | |
| National currency | Mexican Peso (MXN) | |
| Exchange rate (per US$) | 20d |
Economic indicators
| 2010 | 2015 | 2021 | |
| GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$) | 1 057 801 | 1 170 567 | 1 256 441b |
| GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices) | 5.1 | 3.3 | -0.3b |
| GDP per capita (current US$) | 9 271.4 | 9 606.0 | 9 848.6b |
| Economy: Agriculturee (% of Gross Value Added) | 3.4 | 3.4 | 3.6b |
| Economy: Industryf,g (% of Gross Value Added) | 33.7 | 31.8 | 32.8b |
| Economy: Services and other activityh (% of GVA) | 62.9 | 64.8 | 63.6b |
| Employment in agriculture (% of employed) | 13.9 | 13.4 | 12.4i,d |
| Employment in industry (% of employed) | 24.4 | 25.2 | 26.2i,d |
| Employment in services (% employed) | 61.7 | 61.4 | 61.4i,d |
| Unemploymenti (% of labour force) | 5.3 | 4.3 | 3.6d |
| Labour force participation ratei (female/male pop. %) | 43.1 / 79.7 | 43.9 / 79.0 | 44.2 / 78.3d |
| CPI: Consumer Price Indexj (2010=100) | 100 | 119 | 146d |
| Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100) | 89 | 98 | 113b |
| International trade: exportsk (million current US$) | 298 305 | 380 550 | 418 141d |
| International trade: importsk (million current US$) | 301 482 | 395 234 | 383 306d |
| International trade: balancek (million current US$) | - 3 177 | - 14 684 | 34 835d |
| Balance of payments, current account (million US$) | - 4 830 | - 31 058 | 26 571d |
Social indicators
| 2010 | 2015 | 2021 | |
| Population growth ratel (average annual %) | 1.5 | 1.3 | 1.1d |
| Urban population (% of total population) | 77.8 | 79.3 | 80.4b |
| Urban population growth ratel (average annual %) | 2 | 1.8 | ... |
| Fertility rate, totall (live births per woman) | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.1d |
| Life expectancy at birthl (females/males, years) | 78.0 / 72.4 | 77.9 / 72.0 | 77.8 / 72.1d |
| Population age distribution (0-14/60+ years old, %) | 29.5 / 8.8 | 27.6 / 10.0 | 25.5 / 11.5a |
| International migrant stockm (000/% of total pop.) | 969.7 / 0.8 | 1 013.7 / 0.8 | 1 197.6 / 0.9d |
| Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000) | 1.6n | 2.2 | 204.9d |
| Infant mortality ratel (per 1 000 live births) | 17.1 | 15.2 | 13.5d |
| Health: Current expenditure (% of GDP) | 6 | 5.8 | 5.4o |
| Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.) | 4 | 4.6 | 4.8o |
| Education: Government expenditure (% of GDP) | 5.2 | 5.2 | 4.5p |
| Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 109.8 / 111.4 | 106.5 / 106.7 | 105.4 / 104.7o |
| Education: Secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 90.4 / 83.8 | 104.1 / 97.6 | 109.6 / 100.8o |
| Education: Upper secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 62.4 / 58.6 | 73.3 / 72.0 | 86.6 / 81.7o |
| Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.) | 22.6 | 17 | 29.1o |
| Seats held by women in national parliaments (%) | 27.6 | 38 | 48.2q |
Environment and infrastructure indicators
| 2010 | 2015 | 2021 | |
| Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants) | 31i | 57.4r | 70.1b |
| Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP) | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.3i,o |
| Threatened species (number) | 943 | 1 109 | 2 078 |
| Forested area (% of land area) | 34.4 | 34.1 | 33.9o |
| CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita) | 440.5 / 3.9 | 442.4 / 3.7 | 455.0 / 3.6b |
| Energy production, primary (Petajoules) | 9 403 | 8 031 | 6 697o |
| Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules) | 66 | 64 | 60o |
| Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borderss (000) | 23 290 | 32 093 | 41 313o |
| Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%) | 33.3 | 34.7 | 36.2d |
| Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural %) | 35.5 / ... | 47.2 / ... | 59.7 / ...d |
| Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI) | 0.04 | 0.03 | 0.04b |