Official name:
Republic of Türkiye
Region:
General Information
| Region | Western Asia | |
| Population (000, 2025) | 87 685a | |
| Pop. density (per km2, 2025) | 113.9a | |
| Capital city | Ankara | |
| Capital city pop. (000, 2025) | 5 018.0c,d | |
| UN membership date | 24 October 1945 | |
| Surface area (km2) | 783 562b | |
| Sex ratio (m per 100 f) | 99.6a | |
| National currency | Turkish Lira (TRY) | |
| Exchange rate (per US$) | 35.3e |
Economic indicators
| 2015 | 2020 | 2025 | |
| GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$) | 864 314 | 720 338 | 1 118 253b |
| GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices) | 6.1 | 1.9 | 5.1b |
| GDP per capita (current US$) | 10 802.0 | 8 367.0 | 12 814.0b |
| Economy: Agriculturef,g (% of Gross Value Added) | 7.8 | 7.5 | 6.9b |
| Economy: Industryf,h (% of Gross Value Added) | 31.6 | 31.5 | 32b |
| Economy: Services and other activityf,i (% of GVA) | 60.6 | 61 | 61b |
| Employment in agriculturej (% of employed) | 20.4 | 17.6 | 14.6b |
| Employment in industryj (% of employed) | 27.2 | 26.2 | 27.6b |
| Employment in servicesj (% employed) | 52.4 | 56.2 | 57.8b |
| Unemployment (% of labour force) | 10.3 | 13.1 | 8.8j |
| Labour force participation rate (female/male pop. %) | 31.4 / 71.4 | 30.8 / 68.1 | 36.8 / 71.7j |
| CPI: Consumer Price Index (2010=100) | 146j | 263 | 1 323e |
| Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100) | 102 | 119 | 127b |
| International trade: exportsk (million current US$) | 150 982 | 169 658 | 261 789e |
| International trade: importsk (million current US$) | 213 619 | 219 514 | 344 013e |
| International trade: balancek (million current US$) | - 62 637 | - 49 856 | - 82 224e |
| Balance of payments, current account (million US$) | - 21 354 | - 30 976 | - 9 973e |
Social indicators
| 2015 | 2020 | 2025 | |
| Population growth rate (average annual %) | 2.5 | 0.8 | 0.2a |
| Urban population (% of total population) | 73.6 | 75.6d | ... |
| Urban population growth rate (average annual %) | 2.4l | ... | ... |
| Fertility rate, total (live births per woman) | 2.2 | 1.8 | 1.6a |
| Life expectancy at birth (females/males, years) | 79.7 / 73.5 | 79.9 / 73.4 | 80.8 / 74.9a |
| Population age distributionm (0-14/60+ years old, %) | 23.9 / 11.5 | 22.8 / 13.0 | 21.0 / 15.5a |
| International migrant stockn (000/% of total pop.) | 3 751.0 / 4.7 | 6 580.3 / 7.6 | 7 083.5 / 8.1e |
| Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000) | 1 985.3 | 3 905.7 | 3 343.7e |
| Under five mortality rate (per 1000 live births) | 13.4 | 10.6 | 10.4a |
| Health: Current expenditureo,p (% of GDP) | 4.1 | 4.6 | 3.7q |
| Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.) | 1.8 | 2 | 2.2q |
| Education: Primary gross enrol. ratioj (f/m per 100 pop.) | 107.6 / 107.0 | 103.0 / 103.6 | 102.1 / 102.8q |
| Education: Lowr. sec. gross enrol. ratio j (f/m per 100 pop.) | 108.8 / 105.5 | 112.2 / 109.0 | 104.0 / 102.5q |
| Education: Upr. Sec. gross enrol. ratioj (f/m per 100 pop.) | 104.8 / 109.8 | 110.8 / 118.2 | 125.0 / 132.8q |
| Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.) | 2.8 | 2.5 | 3.2b |
| Seats held by women in national parliaments (%) | 14.4 | 17.3r | 19.9r |
Environment and infrastructure indicators
| 2015 | 2020 | 2025 | |
| Individuals using the Internets (per 100 inhabitants) | 53.7t | 77.7 | 87.3e |
| Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP) | 0.9 | 1.4 | 1.4u |
| Threatened species (number) | 370 | 435 | 455e |
| Forested area (% of land area) | 28.1 | 28.9 | 29.3q |
| CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita) | 327.6 / 4.1 | 364.3 / 4.2 | 389.4 / 4.5q |
| Energy production, primary (Petajoules) | 1 317 | 1 826 | 2 113q |
| Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules) | 67 | 71 | 75q |
| Tourist/visitor arrivals at national bordersv (000) | 39 478 | 15 894 | 50 453q |
| Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%) | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.3e |
| Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural, %) | 63.5 / 67.3 | 73.8 / 78.2 | 78.0 / 81.1q |
| Net Official Development Assist. disbursedw (% of GNI) | 0.65 | 1.16d | 0.6b |
| Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI) | 0.25 | 0.08 | 0.14b |