Official name:
Republic of Madagascar
区域:
General Information
| Region | Eastern Africa | |
| Population (000, 2025) | 32 741a | |
| Pop. density (per km2, 2025) | 56.3a | |
| Capital city | Antananarivo | |
| Capital city pop. (000, 2025) | 3 210.4c | |
| UN membership date | 20 September 1960 | |
| Surface area (km2) | 587 041b | |
| Sex ratio (m per 100 f) | 100.6a | |
| National currency | Malagasy Ariary (MGA) | |
| Exchange rate (per US$) | 4 692.4d |
Economic indicators
| 2015 | 2020 | 2025 | |
| GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$) | 11 323 | 13 051 | 15 870b |
| GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices) | 3.1 | -7.1 | 4.2b |
| GDP per capita (current US$) | 445 | 451 | 509b |
| Economy: Agriculture (% of Gross Value Added) | 27 | 26.1 | 23.9b |
| Economy: Industry (% of Gross Value Added) | 19.9 | 20.6 | 24.5b |
| Economy: Services and other activity (% of GVA) | 53.2 | 53.3 | 51.7b |
| Employment in agriculturee (% of employed) | 74.6 | 71.5 | 69.4b |
| Employment in industrye (% of employed) | 9.2 | 9.6 | 10.1b |
| Employment in servicese (% employed) | 16.1 | 18.9 | 20.5b |
| Unemployment (% of labour force) | 1.8 | 3.3e | 3e |
| Labour force participation rate (female/male pop. %) | 83.2 / 88.9 | 82.0 / 87.0e | 82.6 / 87.6e |
| CPI: Consumer Price Index (2010=100) | 140 | 130f,g | 163f,g,b |
| Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100) | 99 | 102 | 112b |
| International trade: exports (million current US$) | 2 164 | 2 019e | 2 646e,d |
| International trade: imports (million current US$) | 2 961 | 3 220 | 5 017e,d |
| International trade: balance (million current US$) | -796 | - 1 201e | - 2 370e,d |
| Balance of payments, current account (million US$) | -256 | -624 | -829h |
Social indicators
| 2015 | 2020 | 2025 | |
| Population growth rate (average annual %) | 2.6 | 2.5 | 2.4a |
| Urban population (% of total population) | 35.2 | 37.9c | ... |
| Urban population growth rate (average annual %) | 4.7i | ... | ... |
| Fertility rate, total (live births per woman) | 4.3 | 4.2 | 3.8a |
| Life expectancy at birth (females/males, years) | 65.0 / 61.8 | 64.6 / 60.9 | 65.8 / 62.3a |
| Population age distributionj (0-14/60+ years old, %) | 42.0 / 4.7 | 40.4 / 5.1 | 38.9 / 5.4a |
| International migrant stockk,l (000/% of total pop.) | 32.1 / 0.1 | 35.6 / 0.1 | 38.6 / 0.1d |
| Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000) | ~0.0 | 0.3 | 1.2d |
| Under five mortality rate (per 1000 live births) | 66.4 | 66 | 63.2a |
| Health: Current expenditurem (% of GDP) | 5 | 3.7 | 3.3h |
| Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.) | 0.2n | ... | 0.2h |
| Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 139.4 / 138.3 | 128.1 / 125.1 | 135.6 / 129.9d |
| Education: Lowr. sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 47.3 / 46.0e | 42.3 / 39.7c | 44.2 / 41.0o |
| Education: Upr. Sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 20.7 / 21.8e | 21.1 / 21.0c | 22.2 / 21.5o |
| Seats held by women in national parliaments (%) | 20.5 | 15.9p | 14.1p |
Environment and infrastructure indicators
| 2015 | 2020 | 2025 | |
| Individuals using the Internete (per 100 inhabitants) | 4.2 | 11.4 | 20.4b |
| Research & Development expenditureq,r (% of GDP) | ~0.0s,n | ~0.0t | ... |
| Threatened species (number) | 965 | 2 910 | 3 971d |
| Forested area (% of land area) | 21.5 | 21.4 | 21.3h |
| CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita) | 3.2 / 0.1 | 3.9 / 0.1 | 4.2 / 0.1h |
| Energy production, primary (Petajoules) | 262 | 331e | 344e,h |
| Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules) | 12 | 13e | 13e,h |
| Tourist/visitor arrivals at national bordersu (000) | 244 | 68 | 8o |
| Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%) | 24.8 | 26.8 | 26.8d |
| Pop. using safely managed drinking water (urban/rural, %) | 33.6 / 8.6 | 39.0 / 9.3 | 41.3 / 9.6h |
| Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural, %) | 13.3 / 7.2 | 15.5 / 9.0 | 16.3 / 9.7h |
| Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI) | 6.22 | 10.22 | 7.98b |