MEA Membership
Convenio de Aarhus
Convenio de Aarhus
Convention on access to information, public participation in decision participation in decision-making and access to Justice in environmental matters done at Aarhus, Denmark, on 25 June 1998
Acuerdo sobre la Conservación de las Aves Acuáticas Migratorias Afro-euroasiáticas
Acuerdo sobre la Conservación de las Aves Acuáticas Migratorias Afro-euroasiáticas
The Agreement Text and Annexes were adopted by the 4th Session of the Meeting of the Parties to AEWA in September 2008
Agreement relating to the Implementation of Part XI of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea of 10 December 1982
Agreement relating to the Implementation of Part XI of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea of 10 December 1982
To address certain difficulties with the seabed mining provisions contained in Part XI of the Convention, which had been raised, primarily by the industrialized countries, the Secretary-General convened in July 1990 a series of informal consultations which culminated in the adoption, on 28 July 1994, of the Agreement relating to the implementation of Part XI of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea of 10 December 1982. The Agreement entered into force on 28 July 1996. The Agreement was adopted on 28 July 1994 and entered into force on 28 July 1996. It consists of 10 articles
Agreement under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea on the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Marine Biological Diversity of Areas beyond National Jurisdiction
Agreement under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea on the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Marine Biological Diversity of Areas beyond National Jurisdiction
The Agreement under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea on the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Marine Biological Diversity of Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction (BBNJ Agreement) was adopted on 19 June 2023 by the Intergovernmental Conference on Marine Biodiversity of Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction convened under the auspices of the United Nations. The BBNJ Agreement becomes the third implementing agreement to the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. Under the overall objective of the conservation and sustainable use of marine biological diversity of areas
Amendment to the Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal
Amendment to the Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal
Convenio de Barcelona
Convenio de Barcelona
Convenio de Basilea
Convenio de Basilea
El Convenio de Basilea sobre el control de los movimientos transfronterizos de desechos peligrosos y su eliminación fue adoptado en 1989 y entró en vigor en 1992. Es el acuerdo ambiental mundial más exhaustivo en materia de desechos peligrosos y otros desechos. El objetivo del Convenio es proteger la salud de las personas y el medio ambiente frente a los efectos nocivos resultantes de la generación, los movimientos transfronterizos y la gestión de desechos peligrosos y otros desechos.
Convention for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources
Convention for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources
The Convention for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources came into force in 1982 and forms an important part of the Antarctic Treaty system. Its work also complements the Agreement on the Conservation of Albatrosses and Petrels – ACAP. The Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR) was established under the Convention and it manages living marine resources in the convention area.
Convenio sobre la Diversidad Biológica
Convenio sobre la Diversidad Biológica
El Convenio sobre la Diversidad Biológica quedó abierto a la firma en la Conferencia de las Naciones Unidas sobre el Medio Ambiente y el Desarrollo ("Cumbre de la Tierra" de Río de Janeiro), desde el 5 de junio de 1992 hasta el 4 de junio de 1993, período en el cual firmaron 168 países. El Convenio entró en vigor el 29 de diciembre de 1993, es decir 90 días después de su ratificación por 30 países. La primera reunión de la Conferencia de las Partes fue convocada del 28 de noviembre al 9 de diciembre de 1994 en Bahamas. La voluntad creciente de la comunidad internacional en pos del desarrollo
Convención sobre el Comercio Internacional de Especies Amenazadas de Fauna y Flora Silvestres
Convención sobre el Comercio Internacional de Especies Amenazadas de Fauna y Flora Silvestres
La CITES (Convención sobre el Comercio Internacional de Especies Amenazadas de Fauna y Flora Silvestres) es un acuerdo internacional concertado entre los gobiernos . Tiene por finalidad velar por que el comercio internacional de especímenes de animales y plantas silvestres no constituye una amenaza para su supervivencia.
Convenio de Ginebra
Convenio de Ginebra
Since 1979 the Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution has addressed some of the major environmental problems of the UNECE region through scientific collaboration and policy negotiation. The Convention has been extended by eight protocols that identify specific measures to be taken by Parties to cut their emissions of air pollutants. The Convention, which now has 51 Parties identifies the Executive Secretary of UNECE as its secretariat. The aim of the Convention is that Parties shall endeavour to limit and, as far as possible, gradually reduce and prevent air pollution including
Convención sobre la conservación de las especies migratorias
Convención sobre la conservación de las especies migratorias
As an environmental treaty under the aegis of the United Nations Environment Programme, CMS provides a global platform for the conservation and sustainable use of migratory animals and their habitats. CMS brings together the States through which migratory animals pass, the Range States, and lays the legal foundation for internationally coordinated conservation measures throughout a migratory range. As the only global convention specializing in the conservation of migratory species, their habitats and migration routes, CMS complements and co-operates with a number of other international
Convención de las Naciones Unidas sobre cursos de agua internacionales
Convención de las Naciones Unidas sobre cursos de agua internacionales
The present Convention applies to uses of international watercourses and of their waters for purposes other than navigation and to measures of protection, preservation and management related to the uses of those watercourses and their waters.
Convenion sobre el Agua
Convenion sobre el Agua
The Water Convention aims to protect and ensure the quantity, quality and sustainable use of transboundary water resources by facilitating cooperation. It provides an intergovernmental platform for the day-to-day development and advancement of transboundary cooperation. Initially negotiated as a regional instrument, it turned into a universally available legal framework for transboundary water cooperation, following the entry into force of amendments in February 2013, opening it to all UN Member States.
Convenio sobre Accidentes Industriales Transfronterizos
Convenio sobre Accidentes Industriales Transfronterizos
The Convention aims at protecting human beings and the environment against industrial accidents by preventing such accidents as far as possible, by reducing their frequency and severity and by mitigating their effects. It promotes active international cooperation between the contracting Parties, before, during and after an industrial accident.
Convención sobre los Humedales
Convención sobre los Humedales
The Convention on Wetlands of International Importance, called the Ramsar Convention, is an intergovernmental treaty that provides the framework for national action and international cooperation for the conservation and wise use of wetlands and their resources. The Convention’s mission is “the conservation and wise use of all wetlands through local and national actions and international cooperation, as a contribution towards achieving sustainable development throughout the world”. Under the “three pillars” of the Convention, the Contracting Parties commit to work towards the wise use of all
Doha Amendment to the Kyoto Protocol
Doha Amendment to the Kyoto Protocol
Protocolo EMEP
Protocolo EMEP
The Protocol to the Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution on the Financing of the Co-operative Programme for Monitoring and Evaluation of the Long-range Transmission of Air Pollutants in Europe (EMEP) was entered into force in 1988. Forty-six ECE countries are currently Parties to this Protocol. It is an instrument for international cost-sharing of a monitoring programme which forms the backbone for review and assessment of relevant air pollution in Europe in the light of agreements on emission reduction. EMEP has three main components: collection of emission data for SO2, NOx
Convenio de Espoo
Convenio de Espoo
The Espoo (EIA) Convention sets out the obligations of Parties to assess the environmental impact of certain activities at an early stage of planning. It also lays down the general obligation of States to notify and consult each other on all major projects under consideration that are likely to have a significant adverse environmental impact across boundaries. The Convention was adopted in 1991 and entered into force on 10 September 1997
Protocolo de Gotemburgo
Protocolo de Gotemburgo
The Protocol sets emission ceilings for 2010 for four pollutants: sulphur, NOx, VOCs and ammonia. These ceilings were negotiated on the basis of scientific assessments of pollution effects and abatement options. Parties whose emissions have a more severe environmental or health impact and whose emissions are relatively cheap to reduce will have to make the biggest cuts. Once the Protocol is fully implemented, Europe’s sulphur emissions should be cut by at least 63%, its NOx emissions by 41%, its VOC emissions by 40% and its ammonia emissions by 17% compared to 1990.
Protocolo de Desechos Peligrosos
Protocolo de Desechos Peligrosos
The Protocol on the Prevention of Pollution of the Mediterranean Sea by Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal was adopted on 1 October 1996 by the Conference of Plenipotentiaries on the Protocol on the Prevention of Pollution of the Mediterranean Sea by Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal, held in Izmir. The Protocol has not yet entered into force.
International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL) as modified by the Protocol of 1978 (MARPOL 73/78) - including Annex I/II
International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL) as modified by the Protocol of 1978 (MARPOL 73/78) - including Annex I/II
The International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL) is the main international convention covering prevention of pollution of the marine environment by ships from operational or accidental causes. The MARPOL Convention was adopted on 2 November 1973 at IMO. The Protocol of 1978 was adopted in response to a spate of tanker accidents in 1976-1977. As the 1973 MARPOL Convention had not yet entered into force, the 1978 MARPOL Protocol absorbed the parent Convention. The combined instrument entered into force on 2 October 1983. In 1997, a Protocol was adopted to amend
International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships as modified by the Protocol of 1978 (MARPOL 73/78) - Annex III: Hazardous substances carried in packaged form
International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships as modified by the Protocol of 1978 (MARPOL 73/78) - Annex III: Hazardous substances carried in packaged form
Optional Annex to the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL) as modified by the Protocol of 1978 (MARPOL 73/78) in regards of hazardous substances carried in packaged form. Summary of provisions: The Annex sets Regulations for the prevention of pollution by harmful substances carried by sea in packaged forms, or in freight containers, portable tanks or road and rail tank wagons. Such carriage of harmful substances is prohibited except in accordance with the provisions of the Annex, which are to be supplemented by detailed requirements issued by each Party
International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling
International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling
The International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling was signed in 1946 and it is the International Whaling Commission’s founding document. The Convention includes a legally binding Schedule which, amongst other things, sets out catch limits for commercial and aboriginal subsistence whaling. The Schedule is an integral part of the Convention, but its provisions, for example catch limits, may be amended by the Commission. In practice, amendments to the Schedule are almost always agreed at the Commission’s biennial meetings. The IWC is the global body charged with the conservation of
Tratado Internacional sobre los Recursos Fitogenéticos para la Alimentación y la Agricultura
Tratado Internacional sobre los Recursos Fitogenéticos para la Alimentación y la Agricultura
International Tropical Timber Agreement
International Tropical Timber Agreement
Protocolo PRTR
Protocolo PRTR
The Protocol is the first legally binding international instrument on pollutant release and transfer registers. Its objective is "to enhance public access to information through the establishment of coherent, nationwide pollutant release and transfer registers (PRTRs)." PRTRs are inventories of pollution from industrial sites and other sources.
Protocolo de Kyoto
Protocolo de Kyoto
The Kyoto Protocol is an international agreement linked to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. The major feature of the Kyoto Protocol is that it sets binding targets for 37 industrialized countries and the European community for reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions .These amount to an average of five per cent against 1990 levels over the five-year period 2008-2012.
Protocolo COT o LBS
Protocolo COT o LBS
The Protocol on Land-Based Sources (the LBS Protocol) was adopted on 17 May 1980 by the Conference of Plenipotentiaries of the Coastal States of the Mediterranean Region for the Protection of the Mediterranean Sea Against Pollution from Land-based Sources, held in Athens. The Protocol entered into force on 17 June 1983.
Convenio de Minamata
Convenio de Minamata
El Convenio busca llamar la atención sobre un metal usado a nivel mundial y omnipresente que, si bien es de origen natural, tiene un amplio uso en objetos cotidianos y se libera a la atmósfera, al suelo y al agua desde diversas fuentes. El control de las emisiones antrópicas de mercurio a lo largo de su ciclo de vida ha sido un factor clave a la hora de determinar las obligaciones del Convenio. Los aspectos más destacados del Convenio de Minamata incluyen la prohibición de nuevas minas de mercurio, la eliminación gradual de las existentes la reducción del uso del mercurio en una serie de
Protocolo de Montreal
Protocolo de Montreal
The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer was designed to reduce the production and consumption of ozone depleting substances in order to reduce their abundance in the atmosphere, and thereby protect the earthâs fragile ozone Layer. The original Montreal Protocol was agreed on 16 September 1987 and entered into force on 1 January 1989.
Protocolo Nagoya
Protocolo Nagoya
The Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources and the Fair and Equitable Sharing of Benefits Arising from their Utilization to the Convention on Biological Diversity is an international agreement which aims at sharing the benefits arising from the utilization of genetic resources in a fair and equitable way, including by appropriate access to genetic resources and by appropriate transfer of relevant technologies, taking into account all rights over those resources and to technologies, and by appropriate funding, thereby contributing to the conservation of biological diversity and the
Protocolo Offshore
Protocolo Offshore
The Protocol for the Protection of the Mediterranean Sea against Pollution Resulting from Exploration and Exploitation of the Continental Shelf and the Seabed and its Subsoil was adopted on 14 October 1994 by the Conference of Plenipotentiaries held in Madrid and has not yet entered into force.
Paris Agreement
Paris Agreement
The Paris Agreement builds upon the Convention and – for the first time – brings all nations into a common cause to undertake ambitious efforts to combat climate change and adapt to its effects, with enhanced support to assist developing countries to do so. As such, it charts a new course in the global climate effort.
Protocolo de Emergencia
Protocolo de Emergencia
A new Protocol was adopted by the Conference of Plenipotentiaries (Malta, 24–25 January 2002) and will replace the original Protocol. This new Protocol “Protocol Concerning Cooperation in Preventing Pollution from Ships and, in Cases of Emergency, Combating Pollution of the Mediterranean Sea” has entered into force on 17 March 2004.
Protocolo sobre el control de emisiones de óxidos de nitrógeno
Protocolo sobre el control de emisiones de óxidos de nitrógeno
In 1988 the Protocol concerning the Control of Emissions of Nitrogen Oxides or their Transboundary Fluxes was adopted in Sofia (Bulgaria). This Protocol requires as a first step, to freeze emissions of nitrogen oxides or their transboundary fluxes. The general reference year is 1987 (with the exception of the United States that chose to relate its emission target to 1978). Taking the sum of emissions of Parties to the NOx Protocol in 1994, or a previous year, where no recent data are available, also a reduction of 9% compared to 1987 can be noted. Nineteen of the 25 Parties to the 1988 NOx
Protocolo sobre compuestos orgánicos volátiles
Protocolo sobre compuestos orgánicos volátiles
In November 1991, the Protocol to the Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution on the Control of Emissions of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs, i.e. hydrocarbons) or Their Transboundary Fluxes, the second major air pollutant responsible for the formation of ground level ozone, was adopted. It has entered into force on 29 September 1997.
Protocol of 1997 to amend the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, 1973, as modified by the Protocol of 1978 relating thereto (MARPOL 73/78) to include Annex VI on the prevention of air pollution from ships
Protocol of 1997 to amend the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, 1973, as modified by the Protocol of 1978 relating thereto (MARPOL 73/78) to include Annex VI on the prevention of air pollution from ships
In 1997, a Protocol was adopted to amend the Convention and a new Annex VI was added which entered into force on 19 May 2005. Annex VI Prevention of Air Pollution from Ships (entered into force 19 May 2005) Sets limits on sulphur oxide and nitrogen oxide emissions from ship exhausts and prohibits deliberate emissions of ozone depleting substances; designated emission control areas set more stringent standards for SOx, NOx and particulate matter. A chapter adopted in 2011 covers mandatory technical and operational energy efficiency measures aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions from ships
Protocolo sobre reducción adicional de las emisiones de azufre
Protocolo sobre reducción adicional de las emisiones de azufre
The 1994 Oslo Protocol on Further Reduction of Sulphur Emissions entered into force on 5 August 1998. An effects-based approach, the critical load concept, best available technology, energy savings, the application of economic instruments and other considerations was applied in the preparation of the Protocol. This has led to a differentiation of emission reduction obligations of Parties to the Protocol. The effects-based approach, which aims at gradually attaining critical loads, sets long-term targets for reductions in sulphur emissions, although it has been recognized that critical loads
Protocolo sobre metales pesados
Protocolo sobre metales pesados
The Executive Body adopted the Protocol on Heavy Metals on 24 June 1998 in Aarhus (Denmark). It targets three particularly harmful metals: cadmium, lead and mercury. According to one of the basic obligations, Parties will have to reduce their emissions for these three metals below their levels in 1990 (or an alternative year between 1985 and 1995). The Protocol aims to cut emissions from industrial sources (iron and steel industry, non-ferrous metal industry), combustion processes (power generation, road transport) and waste incineration. It lays down stringent limit values for emissions from
Protocolo sobre contaminantes orgánicos persistentes
Protocolo sobre contaminantes orgánicos persistentes
The Executive Body adopted the Protocol on Persistent Organic Pollutants on 24 June 1998 in Aarhus (Denmark). It focuses on a list of 16 substances that have been singled out according to agreed risk criteria. The substances comprise eleven pesticides, two industrial chemicals and three by-products/contaminants. The ultimate objective is to eliminate any discharges, emissions and losses of POPs. The Protocol bans the production and use of some products outright (aldrin, chlordane, chlordecone, dieldrin, endrin, hexabromobiphenyl, mirex and toxaphene). Others are scheduled for elimination at a
Protocolo de Kiev
Protocolo de Kiev
The Kyiv (SEA) Protocol, now in force, requires its Parties to evaluate the environmental consequences of their official draft plans and programmes.
Protocolo sobre la reducción de las emisiones de azufre
Protocolo sobre la reducción de las emisiones de azufre
The Protocol to the Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution on the Reduction of Sulphur Emissions or their Transboundary Fluxes by at least 30 per cent was entered into force in 1987. Twenty-one ECE countries are Parties to this Protocol, which aims at abating one of the major air pollutants. As a result of this Protocol, substantial cuts in sulphur emissions have been recorded in Europe: Taken as a whole, the 21 Parties to the 1985 Sulphur Protocol reduced 1980 sulphur emissions by more than 50% by 1993 (using the latest available figure, where no data were available for 1993)
Protocolo sobre agua y salud
Protocolo sobre agua y salud
The main aim of the Protocol is to protect human health and well being by better water management, including the protection of water ecosystems, and by preventing, controlling and reducing water-related diseases. The Protocol is the first international agreement of its kind adopted specifically to attain an adequate supply of safe drinking water and adequate sanitation for everyone, and effectively protect water used as a source of drinking water.
Convenio de Rotterdam
Convenio de Rotterdam
The objectives of the Rotterdam Convention on the Prior Informed Consent Procedure for Certain Hazardous Chemicals and Pesticides in International Trade are: To promote shared responsibility and cooperative efforts among Parties in the international trade of certain hazardous chemicals in order to protect human health and the environment from potential harm; To contribute to the environmentally sound use of those hazardous chemicals, by facilitating information exchange about their characteristics, by providing for a national decision-making process on their import and export and by
Protocolo ZEPIM
Protocolo ZEPIM
The Protocol concerning Specially Protected Areas and Biological Diversity in the Mediterranean was adopted on 10 June 1995 by the Conference of Plenipotentiaries for the Protection of the Mediterranean Sea against Pollution and its Protocols, held in Barcelona. This Protocol, which replaces the Protocol concerning Mediterranean Specially Protected Areas of 1982 in accordance with its Article 32, entered into force on 12 December 1999.
Convenio de Estocolmo
Convenio de Estocolmo
The Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants is a global treaty to protect human health and the environment from chemicals that remain intact in the environment for long periods, become widely distributed geographically, accumulate in the fatty tissue of humans and wildlife, and have adverse effects to human health or to the environment. Exposure to Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) can lead serious health effects including certain cancers, birth defects, dysfunctional immune and reproductive systems, greater susceptibility to disease and even diminished intelligence. Given
The Beijing Amendment (1999)
The Beijing Amendment (1999)
The Beijing Amendment (1999)The amendment to the Montreal Protocol agreed by the Eleventh Meeting of the Parties (Beijing, 29 November – 3 December 1999) The Beijing Amendment entered into force on 25 February 2002
Protocolo de Cartagena
Protocolo de Cartagena
El Protocolo de Cartagena sobre Seguridad de la Biotecnología del Convenio sobre Diversidad Biológica es un tratado internacional que administra los movimientos de un país hacia otro de organismos vivos modificados (OVMs) que resultan de la aplicación de la tecnología moderna. Fue adoptado el 29 de enero de 2000 como un acuerdo complementario al Convenio sobre Diversidad Biológica, y entró en vigor el 11 de septiembre de 2003.
The Copenhagen Amendment (1992)
The Copenhagen Amendment (1992)
The Copenhagen Amendment (1992): The amendment to the Montreal Protocol agreed by the Fourth Meeting of the Parties (Copenhagen, 23-25 November 1992) The Copenhagen Amendment entered into force on 14 June 1994
The Kigali Amendment (2016)
The Kigali Amendment (2016)
The Kigali Amendment (2016): The amendment to the Montreal Protocol agreed by the Twenty-Eighth Meeting of the Parties (Kigali, 10-15 October 2016).
The London Amendment (1990)
The London Amendment (1990)
The amendment to the Montreal Protocol agreed by the Second Meeting of the Parties (London, 27–29 June 1990) The London Amendment entered into force on 10 August 1992.
The London Fisheries Convention
The London Fisheries Convention
The Fisheries Convention or the London Fisheries Convention is an international agreement signed in London in relation to fishing rights across the coastal waters of Western Europe, in particular the fishing rights in the North Sea, in the Skagerrak, in the Kattegat and on the European Atlantic coast.
The Montreal Amendment (1997)
The Montreal Amendment (1997)
The Montreal Amendment (1997): The amendment to the Montreal Protocol agreed by the Ninth Meeting of the Parties (Montreal, 15-17 September 1997) The Montreal Amendment entered into force on 10 November 1999
Protocolo Suplementario de Nagoya – Kuala Lumpur
Protocolo Suplementario de Nagoya – Kuala Lumpur
The issue of liability and redress for damage resulting from the transboundary movements of LMOs was one of the themes on the agenda during the negotiation of the Biosafety Protocol. The negotiators were, however, unable to reach any consensus regarding the details of a liability regime under the Protocol.
UN Fish Stocks Agreement
UN Fish Stocks Agreement
The Agreement for the Implementation of the Provisions of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea of 10 December 1982 relating to the Conservation and Management of Straddling Fish Stocks and Highly Migratory Fish Stocks (UN Fish Stocks Agreement) entered into force on 11 December 2001. The UN Fish Stocks Agreement aims to ensure the long-term conservation and sustainable use of straddling and highly migratory fish stocks within the framework of UNCLOS. The Agreement also spells out the duties of flag States including those related to registration and records of vessels
United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea
United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea
The Convention was opened for signature on 10 December 1982 in Montego Bay, Jamaica. This marked the culmination of more than 14 years of work involving participation by more than 150 countries representing all regions of the world, all legal and political systems and the spectrum of socio/economic development. At the time of its adoption, the Convention embodied in one instrument traditional rules for the uses of the oceans and at the same time introduced new legal concepts and regimes and addressed new concerns. The Convention also provided the framework for further development of specific
Convención de las Naciones Unidas de Lucha contra la Desertificación
Convención de las Naciones Unidas de Lucha contra la Desertificación
Desertification, along with climate change and the loss of biodiversity, were identified as the greatest challenges to sustainable development during the 1992 Rio Earth Summit. Established in 1994, UNCCD is the sole legally binding international agreement linking environment and development to sustainable land management. The Convention addresses specifically the arid, semi-arid and dry sub-humid areas, known as the drylands, where some of the most vulnerable ecosystems and peoples can be found. In the 10-Year Strategy of the UNCCD (2008-2018) that was adopted in 2007, Parties to the
Convención Marco de las Naciones Unidas sobre el Cambio Climático
Convención Marco de las Naciones Unidas sobre el Cambio Climático
The Convention on Climate Change sets an overall framework for intergovernmental efforts to tackle the challenge posed by climate change. It recognizes that the climate system is a shared resource whose stability can be affected by industrial and other emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases.
Convenio de Viena
Convenio de Viena
The Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer and its Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer are dedicated to the protection of the earths ozone layer. With 197 parties, they are the most widely ratified treaties in United Nations history, and have, to date, enabled reductions of over 97% of all global consumption of controlled ozone depleting substances (measured in ODP tonnes).
Ramsar and Word Heritage Sites
Contacts
Mr. Cristiano Piacente
- Acuerdo sobre la Conservación de las Poblaciones de Murciélagos de Europa (2)
- Acuerdo sobre la Conservación de las Aves Acuáticas Migratorias Afro-euroasiáticas (2)
- Convención Marco de las Naciones Unidas sobre el Cambio Climático (1)
- Convención de las Naciones Unidas de Lucha contra la Desertificación (1)
- Convención sobre el Comercio Internacional de Especies Amenazadas de Fauna y Flora Silvestres (7)
- Convención sobre la conservación de las especies migratorias (2)
- Convención sobre los Humedales (4)
- Convenio de Barcelona (6)
- Convenio de Basilea (10)
- Convenio de Estocolmo (2)
- Convenio de Minamata (2)
- Convenio de Rotterdam (4)
- Convenio sobre la Diversidad Biológica (7)
- International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling (1)
- Paris Agreement (1)
- Protocolo Nagoya (2)
- Protocolo de Cartagena (2)
- Protocolo de Kyoto (1)
- Tratado Internacional sobre los Recursos Fitogenéticos para la Alimentación y la Agricultura (2)
Upcoming Meetings (3)
3
15 - 18 Septiembre 2026
Convenio de Rotterdam
21 - 25 Septiembre 2026
Convenio de Estocolmo
08 - 12 Octubre 2026
Convención sobre la conservación de las especies migratorias