Nom officiel:
Republic of Latvia
Région:
General Information
| Region | Northern Europe | |
| Population (000, 2025) | 1 854a | |
| Pop. density (per km2, 2025) | 29.8a | |
| Capital city | Riga | |
| Capital city pop. (000, 2025) | 633.8c | |
| UN membership date | 17 September 1991 | |
| Surface area (km2) | 64 594b | |
| Sex ratio (m per 100 f) | 86.6a | |
| National currency | Euro (EUR) | |
| Exchange rate (per US$) | 1d |
Economic indicators
| 2015 | 2020 | 2025 | |
| GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$) | 26 345 | 33 380 | 42 248b |
| GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices) | 3.8 | -3.5 | 1.7b |
| GDP per capita (current US$) | 13 320.0 | 17 558.0 | 22 444.0b |
| Economy: Agriculturee,f (% of Gross Value Added) | 4.1 | 4.7 | 4.4b |
| Economy: Industrye,g (% of Gross Value Added) | 22.6 | 23.4 | 25.5b |
| Economy: Services and other activitye,h (% of GVA) | 73.3 | 71.9 | 70.2b |
| Employment in agriculturei (% of employed) | 7.9 | 7.2 | 6.8b |
| Employment in industryi (% of employed) | 23.6 | 23.6 | 22.9b |
| Employment in servicesi (% employed) | 68.4 | 69.1 | 70.3b |
| Unemployment (% of labour force) | 9.9 | 8.1 | 6.3i |
| Labour force participation rate (female/male pop. %) | 54.0 / 67.4 | 55.8 / 68.5 | 54.7 / 66.9i |
| CPI: Consumer Price Index (2010=100) | 108 | 117 | 156d |
| Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100) | 107 | 111 | 96b |
| International trade: exports (million current US$) | 11 650 | 15 196 | 20 387d |
| International trade: imports (million current US$) | 14 096 | 17 029 | 23 496d |
| International trade: balance (million current US$) | - 2 446 | - 1 833 | - 3 109d |
| Balance of payments, current account (million US$) | -33 | 1 032 | -923d |
Social indicators
| 2015 | 2020 | 2025 | |
| Population growth rate (average annual %) | -0.9 | -0.7 | -1.1a |
| Urban population (% of total population) | 68 | 68.2c | ... |
| Urban population growth rate (average annual %) | -1.2j | ... | ... |
| Fertility rate, total (live births per woman) | 1.7 | 1.5 | 1.3a |
| Life expectancy at birth (females/males, years) | 79.3 / 69.7 | 80.0 / 70.7 | 80.7 / 71.9a |
| Population age distributionk (0-14/60+ years old, %) | 15.1 / 25.7 | 16.0 / 27.6 | 15.2 / 29.2a |
| International migrant stock (000/% of total pop.) | 265.4 / 13.4 | 239.4 / 12.6 | 220.5 / 11.8d |
| Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000) | 263.2 | 217.5 | 227.5l,d |
| Under five mortality rate (per 1000 live births) | 4.9 | 4.3 | 3.3a |
| Health: Current expenditure (% of GDP) | 5.7 | 7.3m | 7.6n |
| Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.) | 3.2 | 3.3 | 3.4n |
| Education: Primary gross enrol. ratioi (f/m per 100 pop.) | 99.4 / 99.4 | 99.9 / 99.8 | 98.6 / 98.3b |
| Education: Lowr. sec. gross enrol. ratio i (f/m per 100 pop.) | 101.5 / 104.4 | 100.9 / 101.8 | 99.8 / 101.0b |
| Education: Upr. Sec. gross enrol. ratioi (f/m per 100 pop.) | 121.4 / 122.9 | 111.8 / 109.9 | 105.5 / 102.7b |
| Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.) | 3.4 | 3.7 | 2.5b |
| Seats held by women in national parliaments (%) | 18 | 30o | 31o |
Environment and infrastructure indicators
| 2015 | 2020 | 2025 | |
| Individuals using the Internetp (per 100 inhabitants) | 79.2 | 88.9 | 92.2b |
| Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP) | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.7q |
| Threatened species (number) | 25 | 40 | 59d |
| Forested area (% of land area) | 54.5 | 54.8 | 54.9n |
| CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita) | 6.6 / 3.4 | 6.1 / 3.2 | 5.6 / 3.0n |
| Energy production, primary (Petajoules) | 98 | 113 | 122n |
| Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules) | 91 | 95 | 95n |
| Tourist/visitor arrivals at national bordersr (000) | 2 024 | 636 | 478q |
| Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%) | 97.3 | 97.3 | 97.3d |
| Net Official Development Assist. disburseds (% of GNI) | 0.08t | ... | 0.34b |