Aichi Biodiversity Targets | InforMEA

The Aichi Biodiversity Targets were included in the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity for the 2011-2020 period adopted by the 10th meeting of the Conference of the Parties of the Convention on Biological Diversity

Strategic Goal A. Address the underlying causes of biodiversity loss by mainstreaming biodiversity across government and society

Target 1: By 2020, at the latest, people are aware of the values of biodiversity and the steps they can take to conserve and use it sustainably.

Indicator 1.1: Trends in awareness and attitudes to biodiversity

Indicator 1.2: Trends in public engagement with biodiversity

Target 2: By 2020, at the latest, biodiversity values have been integrated into national and local development and poverty reduction strategies and planning processes and are being incorporated into national accounting, as appropriate, and reporting systems.

Indicator 2.1: Trends in incorporation of measures of stock and flow of natural capital into national accounting

Specific Indicator 2.1.1: Number of countries implementing natural resource account, excluding energy, within the System of Environmental-Economic Accounting (SEEA)

Indicator 2.2: Trends in number of countries that have assessed values of biodiversity, in accordance with the Convention

Specific Indicator 2.2.1: Progress towards national targets established in accordance with Aichi Biodiversity Target 2 of the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020 (indicator for SDG target 15.9)

Indicator 2.3: Trends in integration of biodiversity and ecosystem service values into sectoral and development policies

Specific Indicator 2.3.1: Number of countries that have integrated biodiversity in National Development Plans, poverty reduction strategies or other key development plans

Target 3: By 2020, at the latest, incentives, including subsidies, harmful to biodiversity are eliminated, phased out or reformed in order to minimize or avoid negative impacts, and positive incentives for the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity are developed and applied, consistent and in harmony with the Convention and other relevant international obligations, taking into account national socio economic conditions.

Indicator 3.1: Trends in the number and value of incentives, including subsidies, harmful to biodiversity, removed, reformed or phased out

Indicator 3.2: Trends in development and application of incentives that promote biodiversity conservation and sustainable use

Target 4: By 2020, at the latest, Governments, business and stakeholders at all levels have taken steps to achieve or have implemented plans for sustainable production and consumption and have kept the impacts of use of natural resources well within safe ecological limits.

Indicator 4.1: Trends in extent to which biodiversity and ecosystem service values are incorporated into organizational accounting and reporting

Indicator 4.2: Ecological limits assessed in terms of sustainable production and consumption

Indicator 4.3: Trends in use of natural resources and/or related concepts

Indicator 4.4: Trends in population and extinction risk of utilized species, including species in trade

Indicator 4.5: Trends in biodiversity of cities

Strategic Goal B. Reduce the direct pressures on biodiversity and promote sustainable use

Target 10: By 2015, the multiple anthropogenic pressures on coral reefs, and other vulnerable ecosystems impacted by climate change or ocean acidification are minimized, so as to maintain their integrity and functioning.

Indicator 10.1: Trends in extent and condition of coral reefs

Specific Indicator 10.1.1: Trends in proportion of live coral cover

Indicator 10.2 : Trends in extinction risk and populations of coral and coral-reef dependent species

Specific Indicator 10.2.1: Red List Index (reef-building coral species)

Indicator 10.3: Trends in pressures on coral reefs

Specific Indicator 10.3.1: Average marine acidity (pH) measured at agreed suite of representative sampling stations

Indicator 10.4: Trends in responses to reduce pressures on coral reefs

Indicator 10.5: Trends in extent and condition of other vulnerable ecosystems impacted by climate change or ocean acidification

Indicator 10.6: Trends in species extinction risk and populations or condition of other vulnerable ecosystems impacted by climate change or ocean acidification

Indicator 10.7: Trends in pressures on other vulnerable ecosystems impacted by climate change or ocean acidification

Indicator 10.8: Trends in responses to reduce pressures on other vulnerable ecosystems impacted by climate change or ocean acidification

Target 5: By 2020, at the latest, Governments, business and stakeholders at all levels have taken steps to achieve or have implemented plans for sustainable production and consumption and have kept the impacts of use of natural resources well within safe ecological limits.

Indicator 5.1: Trends in extinction risk and populations of habitat specialist species in each major habitat type

Indicator 5.2: Trends in fragmentation of forest and other natural habitats

Indicator 5.3: Trends in degradation of forest and other natural habitats

Indicator 5.4: Trends in extent of forest

Indicator 5.5: Trends in extent of natural habitats other than forest

Target 6: By 2020 all fish and invertebrate stocks and aquatic plants are managed and harvested sustainably, legally and applying ecosystem based approaches, so that overfishing is avoided, recovery plans and measures are in place for all depleted species, fisheries have no significant adverse impacts on threatened species and vulnerable ecosystems and the impacts of fisheries on stocks, species and ecosystems are within safe ecological limits.

Indicator 6.1: Trends in proportion of depleted, target and bycatch species with recovery plans

Indicator 6.2: Trends in certified sustainable fisheries

Specific Indicator 6.2.1: MSC certified catch

Indicator 6.3: Trends in catch per unit effort

Indicator 6.4: Trends in population and extinction risk in target and bycatch species

Indicator 6.5: Trends in fishing practices

Indicator 6.6: Trends in proportion of fish stocks outside safe biological limits

Specific Indicator 6.6.1: Proportion of fish stocks within biologically sustainable levels

Target 7: By 2020 areas under agriculture, aquaculture and forestry are managed sustainably, ensuring conservation of biodiversity.

Indicator 7.1: Trends in proportion of area of agriculture under sustainable practices

Indicator 7.2: Trends in extinction risk and populations of forest-specialist species in production forest

Indicator 7.3: Trends in proportion of area of forest production under sustainable practices

Indicator 7.4: Trends in proportion of production of aquaculture under sustainable practices

Indicator 7.5: Trends in extinction risk and populations of agro-ecosystem associated species

Specific Indicator 7.5.1: Wild Bird Index for farmland birds/Living Planet Index (farmland specialists)

Target 8: By 2020, pollution, including from excess nutrients, has been brought to levels that are not detrimental to ecosystem function and biodiversity.

Indicator 8.1: Trends in extinction risk and populations driven by pollution

Specific Indicator 8.1.1: Red List Index (impacts of pollution)

Indicator 8.2: Trends in ecosystems affected by pollution

Specific Indicator 8.2.1: Water Quality Index for Biodiversity

Indicator 8.3: Trends in pollutants

Indicator 8.4: Trends in nutrient levels

Target 9: By 2020, invasive alien species and pathways are identified and prioritized, priority species are controlled or eradicated, and measures are in place to manage pathways to prevent their introduction and establishment.

Indicator 9.1: Trends in implementation of policy responses preventing the introduction and establishment of invasive alien species

Specific Indicator 9.1.1: Proportion of countries adopting relevant national legislation and adequately resourcing the prevention or control of invasive alien species

Indicator 9.2: Trends in the numbers of invasive alien species introduction and establishment events

Specific Indicator 9.2.1: Trends in the numbers of invasive alien species introduction events

Indicator 9.3: Trends in extinction risk and populations driven by invasive alien species impacts

Specific Indicator 9.3.1: Red List Index (impacts of invasive alien species)

Indicator 9.4: Trends in identification and prioritization of invasive alien species

Indicator 9.5: Trends in the distribution and populations of invasive alien species

Indicator 9.6: Trends in eradication of priority invasive alien species

Specific Indicator 9.6.1: Trends in invasive alien species vertebrate eradications

Indicator 9.7: Trends in impacts of invasive alien species on ecosystems

Strategic Goal C. To improve the status of biodiversity by safeguarding ecosystems, species and genetic diversity

Target 11: By 2020, at least 17 per cent of terrestrial and inland water, and 10 per cent of coastal and marine areas, especially areas of particular importance for biodiversity and ecosystem services, are conserved through effectively and equitably managed, ecologically representative and well connected systems of protected areas and other effective area-based conservation measures, and integrated into the wider landscapes and seascapes.

Indicator 11.1: Trends in area of terrestrial and inland water areas conserved

Indicator 11.2: Trends in area of coastal and marine areas conserved

Indicator 11.3: Trends in areas of particular importance for biodiversity conserved

Specific Indicator 11.3.1: Protected area coverage of Key Biodiversity Areas (including Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas, Alliance for Zero Extinction sites)

Indicator 11.4: Trends in areas of particular importance for ecosystem services conserved

Indicator 11.5: Trends in ecological representativeness of areas conserved

Indicator 11.6: Trends in effectiveness and/or equitability of management of conserved areas

Indicator 11.7: Trends in connectivity and integration of conserved areas

Specific Indicator 11.7.1: Protected Area Connectedness Index

Target 12: By 2020 the extinction of known threatened species has been prevented and their conservation status, particularly of those most in decline, has been improved and sustained.

Indicator 12.1: Trends in number of extinctions

Specific Indicator 12.1.1: Number of species extinctions

Indicator 12.2: Trends in extinctions prevented

Specific Indicator 12.2.1: Number of extinctions prevented by conservation action

Indicator 12.3: Trends in extinction risk and populations of species

Target 13: By 2020 the extinction of known threatened species has been prevented and their conservation status, particularly of those most in decline, has been improved and sustained.

Indicator 13.1: Trends in genetic diversity of cultivated plants

Indicator 13.2: Trends in genetic diversity of farmed and domesticated animals

Specific Indicator 13.2.1: Proportion of local breeds, classified as being at risk, not-at-risk or unknown level of risk of extinction

Indicator 13.3: Trends in extinction risk and populations of wild relatives

Indicator 13.4: Trends in protected area coverage of wild relatives (to be resolved)

Specific Indicator 13.4.1: Species Protection Index (wild relatives)

Indicator 13.5: Trends in genetic diversity of socio-economically as well as culturally valuable species

Indicator 13.6: Trends in development and implementation of strategies for minimizing genetic erosion and safeguarding genetic diversity

Specific Indicator 13.6.1: Level of implementation of global plan of actions on genetic resources for food and agriculture

Strategic Goal D. Enhance the benefits to all from biodiversity and ecosystem services

Target 14: By 2020, ecosystems that provide essential services, including services related to water, and contribute to health, livelihoods and well-being, are restored and safeguarded, taking into account the needs of women, indigenous and local communities, and the poor and vulnerable.

Indicator 14.1: Trends in safeguarded ecosystems that provide essential services

Indicator 14.2: Trends in extinction risk and populations of species that provide essential services

Indicator 14.3: Trends in benefits from ecosystem services

Indicator 14.4: Trends in restoration of ecosystems that provide essential services

Indicator 14.5: Trends in the degree to which ecosystem services provides for the needs of women, indigenous and local communities, and the poor and vulnerable

Target 15: By 2020, ecosystem resilience and the contribution of biodiversity to carbon stocks has been enhanced, through conservation and restoration, including restoration of at least 15 per cent of degraded ecosystems, thereby contributing to climate change mitigation and adaptation and to combating desertification.

Indicator 15.1: Trends in ecosystem resilience

Indicator 15.2: Trends in carbon stocks within ecosystems

Target 16: By 2015, the Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources and the Fair and Equitable Sharing of Benefits Arising from their Utilization is in force and operational, consistent with national legislation.

Indicator 16.1: Trends in the implementation of the Nagoya Protocol

Strategic Goal E. Enhance implementation through participatory planning, knowledge management and capacity building

Target 17: By 2015 each Party has developed, adopted as a policy instrument, and has commenced implementing an effective, participatory and updated national biodiversity strategy and action plan.

Indicator 17.1: Trends in adoption and implementation of national biodiversity strategies and action plans, as policy instruments including development, comprehensiveness, adoption and implementation

Target 18: By 2020, the traditional knowledge, innovations and practices of indigenous and local communities relevant for the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity, and their customary use of biological resources, are respected, subject to national legislation and relevant international obligations, and fully integrated and reflected in the implementation of the Convention with the full and effective participation of indigenous and local communities, at all relevant levels.

Indicator 18.1: Trends in land-use change and land tenure in the traditional territories of indigenous and local communities (decision X/43)

Indicator 18.2: Trends in the practice of traditional occupations (decision X/43)

Indicator 18.3: Trends in which traditional knowledge and practices are respected through their full integration, safeguards and the full and effective participation of indigenous and local communities in the national implementation of the Strategic Plan

Specific Indicator 18.3.1: Number of local community-based monitoring on traditional knowledge, innovation and practices of indigenous and local communities relevant for the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity

Indicator 18.4: Trends of linguistic diversity and numbers of speakers of indigenous languages (decision VII/30 and VIII/15)

Specific Indicator 18.4.1: Index of Linguistic Diversity

Target 19: By 2020, knowledge, the science base and technologies relating to biodiversity, its values, functioning, status and trends, and the consequences of its loss, are improved, widely shared and transferred, and applied.

Indicator 19.1: Number of maintained species inventories being used to implement the Convention

Target 20: By 2020, at the latest, the mobilization of financial resources for effectively implementing the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020 from all sources, and in accordance with the consolidated and agreed process in the Strategy for Resource Mobilization, should increase substantially from the current levels. This target will be subject to changes contingent to resource needs assessments to be developed and reported by Parties.

Indicator 20.1: Trends in the mobilization of financial resources

This visualization is prepared by UN Environment as the facilitator of the InforMEA Initiative. It is currently under review and does not necessarily reflect the views of the Parties to MEAs.